Repository logo
Communities & Collections
All of DSpace
  • English
  • العربية
  • বাংলা
  • Català
  • Čeština
  • Deutsch
  • Ελληνικά
  • Español
  • Suomi
  • Français
  • Gàidhlig
  • हिंदी
  • Magyar
  • Italiano
  • Қазақ
  • Latviešu
  • Nederlands
  • Polski
  • Português
  • Português do Brasil
  • Srpski (lat)
  • Српски
  • Svenska
  • Türkçe
  • Yкраї́нська
  • Tiếng Việt
Log In
New user? Click here to register.Have you forgotten your password?
  1. Home
  2. Browse by Author

Browsing by Author "Huang, Tai-Chun"

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Results Per Page
  • Sort Options
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Indomethacin protects rats from neuronal damage induced by traumatic brain injury and suppresses hippocampal IL-1β release through the inhibition of Nogo-A expression
    (2012-06-07) Chao, Po-Kuan; Lu, Kwok-Tung; Jhu, Ji-Yi; Wo, Yu-Yuan P; Huang, Tai-Chun; Ro, Long-Sun; Yang, Yi-Ling
    Abstract Background Nogo-A is a member of the reticulon family of membrane-associated proteins and plays an important role in axonal remodeling. The present study aimed to investigate alterations in Nogo-A expression following traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced inflammation and neuronal damage. Methods A weight-drop device was used to deliver a standard traumatic impact to rats. Western blot, RT-PCR and ELISA were used to analyze the expression of Nogo-A and IL-1β. Nogo-A antisense, and an irrelevant control oligonucleotide was intracerebroventricularly infused. We also performed H & E staining and luxol fast blue staining to evaluate the neuronal damage and demyelination resulting from TBI and various treatments. Results Based on RT-PCR and western blot analyses, the expression of Nogo-A was found to be significantly upregulated in the hippocampus beginning eight hours after TBI. In addition, TBI caused an apparent elevation in IL-1β levels and severe neuronal damage and demyelination in the tested animals. All of the TBI-associated molecular and cellular consequences could be effectively reversed by treating the animals with the anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin. More importantly, the TBI-associated stimulation in the levels of both Nogo-A and IL-1β could be effectively inhibited by a specific Nogo-A antisense oligonucleotide. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the suppression of Nogo-A expression appears to be an early response conferred by indomethacin, which then leads to decreases in the levels of IL-1β and TBI-induced neuron damage.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    缺氧誘導因子1α在頭部外傷後調節神經新生所扮演之角色
    (2019) 黃泰淳; Huang, Tai-Chun
    頭部外傷 (traumatic brain injury, TBI) 是全世界青壯年人口中¬,盛行率和死亡率雙高的意外事故之一。因頭部外傷主要發生在最具有生產力階段的青壯年人口,在頭部外傷病患中約有25% 會造成終身性殘疾並須長期性的照護,因而造成社會或經濟的損失。因此,相關致病機轉和醫療策略的研發極具重要性。我們先前的研究已經證明血管內皮生長因子 (vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF)調節TBI所引發之神經新生的現象(TBI-induced neurogenesis)是經由活化第二型的VEGF受體 (VEGFR2) 和活化絲裂原活化蛋白激酶 (mitogen activated proteinkinase, MAPK) 訊息傳導路徑。前人研究指出缺氧誘導因子(hypoxia inducible factor, HIFs) 在正常狀態細胞中含量較為稀少,但在病理狀態下,如缺血(ischemia) 或缺氧 (hypoxia) 時表現會被誘導大量增加。細胞中的HIFs扮演轉錄因子的角色,會進而誘導多種類型的下游基因之表現,特別是與負責血管增生(angiogenesis)、厭氧反應 (anaerobic)、血管舒張 (vasodilation)、紅血球細胞生成(erythropoiesis)、神經新生 (neurogenesis)。本研究的主要目的為探討HIF-1α在TBI誘導海馬迴內神經新生的角色。 第一部份的研究結果發現TBI誘導後可以引起VEGF表現和海馬迴內的神經新生。此外,給予HIF-1α的反義股 (antisense) 或專一的抑制劑2ME2 (2-methoxyestradiol)成功地阻斷了TBI誘導海馬迴神經新生。TBI的誘導下,與HIF-1α降解有關兩個主要酵素中的脯胺醯基羥化酶 (prolyl hydroxylase, PHD)的表現減少,而低氧誘導因子-1 抑制因子 (factor-inhibiting HIF, FIH) 的表現則無改變,我們推測PHD的減少是促使TBI後海馬迴內的HIF-1α蛋白量增加的主要原因。此外,我們也排除了其他HIF亞型,如HIF-2α和HIF-3α參與此機制的可能性。後續實驗中也證明了HIF-1α可以結合VEGF的啟動子以調控其表現。總結第一部分的實驗結果,我們證明是HIF-1α而非HIF-2α和HIF-3α為激活VEGF在TBI後大量表現的轉錄因子,以及海馬迴中TBI誘導神經新生的主要因子。故在第二份實驗中,我們專注於探討影響TBI後HIF-1α表現量增加後的下游機制,特別是微小型片段RNA(microRNA, miR)是否在過程中扮演重要的角色。 第二部分的實驗證明了miR-210在缺氧後參與了調節海馬迴中的神經新生。TBI後海馬迴中miR-210表現量迅速提升,約在4小時達到峰值,並在8小時內回復到基礎值。給予miR-210 shRNA不僅可有效的抑制miR-210的表現,同時也減少了TBI所引起的神經新生。此外,西方墨點法的結果顯示TBI誘導後MAPK 訊息傳遞路徑中,三個主要的蛋白質RAF-MEK-ERK的磷酸化均呈現增加,同樣的這些蛋白質的磷酸化情形,在經過miR-210 shRNA預處理後均恢復到正常範圍內。進一步探討TBI造成MAPK磷酸化改變的原因,發現海馬迴內的雙特異性去磷酸酶6 (dual specificity phosphatase 6, DUSP6),還造成RAF-MEK-ERK訊息傳遞去磷酸化的主要磷酸酶,其表現量在TBI誘導後大量減少,我們推論miR-210可能會鍵結DUSP6的mRNA上進而造成其表現量下降。為了驗證上述假設,我們使用慢病毒紅螢光報告系統 (lentivirus report system),該系統可藉由紅色螢光蛋白 (DsRed) 的表現來偵測miR-210是否會結合DUSP6 mRNA。結果發現DeRed蛋白質的表現在TBI前處理LV-DUSP6組中顯著地減少,證明了miR-210確實具有結合DUSP6 mRNA的能力,進而直接調控DUSP6的轉譯作用,使得在TBI後DUSP6減少,導致MAPK的磷酸化增加,進而促進神經新生的產生。 綜合以上各項結果,我們認為miR-210可當作一個重要的生物指標,可用以探測TBI所引起的腦損傷;而TBI所造成的HIF-1α表現量增加,可進一步促進miR-210的產生,miR-210 可鍵結到DUSP6的mRNA上以減少其表現,進而導致MAPK的磷酸化增加,最終提升了TBI後海馬迴的神經新生。因此藉由增強或延長TBI誘導後HIF-1α的表現,應可作為研發針對TBI傷害的新型治療策略或藥物的重要標的。

DSpace software copyright © 2002-2025 LYRASIS

  • Privacy policy
  • End User Agreement
  • Send Feedback