織出韌性-原住民族多元性別社會工作者身分交織經驗與因應策略

Abstract

本研究以交織性觀點探討原住民族多元性別社會工作者的經驗與挑戰，旨在其在多重身份交織下，如何應對社會結構中的歧視與壓迫，並分析其在社會工作實務中的運用。原住民族多元性別社會工作者在面對自身族群、性別及其他社會身份的交織影響下，發展出多樣的應對策略，如隱藏身份、自我解嘲、尋求社會支持、成為族群與性別之間的轉譯者、建立自我認同等。此策略不僅幫助其克服因殖民歷史、異性戀霸權及階層結構所帶來的壓力，也促使在服務過程中展現出對族群文化與多元性別的敏感度，進一步強化其在社會工作實務中的文化能力和性別能力。原住民族多元性別社會工作者在面對社會歧視時，往往通過對自我身份的理解與反思，轉化內在的心理創傷與情感負擔，逐漸建立起強大的心裡韌力。儘管其身處社會結構中被邊緣化的處境，但此經驗也成為其在服務過程中的助力，尤其在提供給社區和部落族人協助，除了能夠產生較高的共鳴與情感連結，開始反思並理解殖民行為及結構性影響，逐漸學習從族群視角出發，建立原住民與社會工作者共同尋求解殖行動的模式。本研究強調注重交織性社會工作者提供量身定制的心理健康支持，並倡議改革臺灣的社會工作教育。期望將原住民族知識體系和交織性理論納入課程，以增強對多元身份的理解。在政策層面，研究建議呼籲現行法規，採取全貌性（holistic）視角，消除對原住民族的集體歧視。This study adopts an intersectional perspective to explore the experiences and challenges of Indigenous multigender social workers, aiming to understand how they cope with discrimination and oppression within the social structure under the interplay of multiple identities. It also analyzes how these experiences are applied in social work practice. Facing pressures arising from the intersection of ethnicity, gender, and other social identities, Indigenous multigender social workers have developed diverse coping strategies, such as concealing their identities, using self-deprecating humor, seeking social support, becoming translators between their ethnic and gender identities, and constructing self-identity. These strategies not only help them overcome the pressures stemming from colonial history, heteronormative hegemony, and hierarchical systems, but also enhance their cultural and gender competencies, allowing them to demonstrate sensitivity toward Indigenous cultures and multigender identities in their professional practice.When confronted with social discrimination, Indigenous multigender social workers often transform internal psychological trauma and emotional burdens into a driving force for growth through self-reflection and understanding of their identities, gradually building strong psychological resilience. Although marginalized within the social structure, these experiences become a source of strength in their service work, particularly in assisting community and tribal members. This fosters deeper emotional connections and resonance, leading to a reflective understanding of colonial behaviors and structural impacts. They gradually learn to approach their work from an ethnic perspective and collaboratively construct a decolonization model with both Indigenous communities and the field of social work.This study calls for greater institutional recognition of intersectional social workers and the provision of mental health support tailored to their unique circumstances. It also advocates for reforming Taiwan’s social work education system by integrating Indigenous knowledge systems and intersectionality theory into the curriculum to deepen understanding and responsiveness to diverse identities. At the policy level, the study recommends that current regulations adopt a holistic perspective to systematically eliminate collective discrimination against Indigenous peoples.