準工程學習對綜合高中學生工程與科技學程選擇影響之研究

Abstract

準工程課程主要是介紹工程與科技領域的相關知識，提供工程與科技領域生涯探索的機會，以降低大學工程與科技系學生因興趣或能力不合而流失的比率，並藉此吸引更多高中畢業生升讀大學工程科系，滿足工程與科技的人力需求。本研究主要目的在發展高中準工程教學活動，再以臺北市立南港高工綜合高中一年級學生為對象，探討準工程教學活動對學生工程與科技學程選擇的影響。 本研究採用文獻分析與專家諮詢方式，發展高中準工程教學活動，再以實驗研究、調查法、輔導訪談等蒐集資料。研究工具除自行發展的準工程教學活動外，測驗工具採用大學入學考試中心1994年發表的「興趣量表」，以興趣組型「實用型(R)」及「研究型(I)」探討學生對工程與科技領域的興趣。統計方式包含次數百分比、t檢定、卡方考驗、單因子變異數分析、單因子共變數分析、多變量變異數分析及多變量共變數分析等。準工程教學活動發展與實驗研究等統計分析結果說明如下： 一、準工程教學活動很有可能影響綜合高中學生對於工程與科技的學程選擇。 二、準工程教學活動是否影響綜合高中女生對於工程與科技的學程選擇，有待進一步實驗與考驗。 三、綜合高中學生接受準工程教學活動後，對工程與科技領域的興趣沒有顯著的增加。 四、綜合高中女生接受準工程教學活動後，對工程與科技領域的興趣沒有顯著的增加。 五、準工程教學活動能協助學生瞭解工程與科技領域的學習內涵與工作環境，但學生不認為能獲得工程與科技學習興趣與學習能力的探索。 最後本研究根據研究結果，分別針對準工程教育、準工程教學、準工程後續研究等，共計提出11項建議，提供工程教育與科技教育學者專家參考。The purposes of pre-engineering program are to introduce relative concepts of engineering and technology, to provide career exploration so as to reduce the attrition rate of college students in engineering and technology field, and to attract more students with a high school diploma to pursue engineering and technology credits in university. This study is aimed at developing a pre-engineering program for high school students in Taiwan. And then, the program was used in an experimental design to explore the effects on making choice in engineering and technology program for comprehensive high school students,CHSS, in Nangang Vocational High School. Literature review and professionals’ counseling were adopted to develop pre-engineering program. Experimental design, survey, and interview were used to collect data. The instrument of the study is “interest measurement” announced in 1994 by College Entrance Examination Center. Frequency, t-test, χ2 test, one-way ANOVA, one-way ANCOVA, MANOVA, and MANCOVA were used to statistic and analysis data. There are six results of the study shown as follows: 1. Pre-engineering program is likely to affect the choice making of CHSS in terns of engineering and technology programs. 2. There is not significant evidence that pre-engineering program can affect the choice making of female CHSS in terms of engineering and technology programs. 3. There is not significant evidence that pre-engineering program can enhance comprehensive students’ interests in the fields of engineering and technology. 4. There is not significant evidence that pre-engineering program can enhance female comprehensive students’ interests in the fields of engineering and technology. 5. Pre-engineering program can help students understand the contents and the working environment of engineering and technology, but fails to provide their exploration of learning interests and abilities. According to the results of the study, 11 suggestions, which are aimed at pre-engineering education, instruction, and the follow-up studies, are offered to professionals of engineering education and technology education as references.