我國無國籍者人權保障之研究

Abstract

臺灣向來以人權國家自詡，但在臺灣卻存在一群無國籍人，其中更有許多係因為我國《國籍法》修法前法律的疏漏而導致無國籍狀態，這群在臺無國籍人不僅無法獲得身份，更無法享有相關生而為人的基本人權。惟目前臺灣對於無國籍人之相關人權保障議題關注度並不高，社會普遍對於無國籍人的瞭解亦不夠透徹，如此一來很容易形成歧視與誤解，無國籍人在需要尋求協助時也經常有求助無門的情況。本文擬針對在臺無國籍人現況進行通盤檢視，包含探究何以成為無國籍人、解析在臺無國籍人所面臨之困境、檢討我國法令規範有無疏漏之處，同時參考與無國籍者相關之國際法規範，針對減少我國無國籍狀態之利多政策提供建議，期能有效解決在臺無國籍者身份問題。當擁有國籍，相關因國籍而當然附屬之權益保障才能實現。Taiwan has prided itself on upholding human rights. However, there are a group of stateless individuals in Taiwan, many of whom became stateless due to loopholes in the Nationality Act before its amendments. They are not eligible for both legal identity and basic human rights that should be inherent to all human beings. Currently, Taiwan’s attention to human rights issues are insufficient, and the public’s understanding of statelessness is generally limited. These situations easily lead to discrimination and misunderstanding towards stateless people who often find themselves helpless when seeking assistance.This paper aims to provide acomprehensive review of these stateless individuals in Taiwan, including exploring reasons for statelessness, analyzing their obstacles, and examining possible legal gaps in Taiwan’s law. Meanwhile, this paper refers to relevant international laws, offers beneficial recommendations to decrease statelessness in Taiwan, and expects to solve the identity problem. The protection of rights and interests tied to nationality can only be fulfilled once nationality is acquired.