青少年親子衝突與情緒穩定之相關：依附風格之調節效果

Abstract

本研究目的在於了解親子衝突對於情緒穩定的影響，並嘗試了解青少年在面對親子衝突時，不同的依附風格是否能調節衝突對於情緒穩定的影響。研究採用問卷調查法，以北部國高中生作為研究樣本，問卷採用「親子衝突量表」、「情緒穩定向度分量表」與「依附風格量表」進行施測。針對研究問題運用統計軟體SPSS，以描述性統計、t檢定、單因子變異數分析、Pearson積差相關及階層迴歸等統計方法進行資料分析。研究結果如下：1.在背景變項中，是否具有「宗教信仰」在親子衝突及情緒穩定上皆有顯著差異，有宗教信仰和親子衝突呈現顯著正相關，和情緒穩定則呈現顯著負相關。年齡與逃避型依附及矛盾型依附皆呈正相關；安全型依附與是否為典型家庭有關，也和母親的教育程度及家庭經濟狀況成顯著正相關。 2.青少年在親子衝突方面程度偏低；依附風格方面，以矛盾依附佔比最多，安全依附次之，逃避依附為最少；青少年情緒穩定程度偏中高。 3.「親子衝突」與「情緒穩定」達顯著負相關；「親子衝突」與「逃避依附」成顯著正相關，與「矛盾依附」也有顯著正相關；「情緒穩定」和「安全依附」成顯著正相關，而「逃避依附」及「矛盾依附」則呈現顯著負相關。 4.依附風格在親子衝突的差異分析中，逃避依附及矛盾依附顯著高於安全依附；依附風格在情緒穩定的差異分析中顯示，安全依附顯著高於逃避依附及矛盾依附。 5.控制親子衝突之後，安全依附及矛盾依附對於情緒穩定皆有顯著效果，安全依附為顯著正相關，矛盾依附則為顯著負相關。逃避依附對於情緒穩定並無顯著影響，但在檢驗依附的調節作用時發現，逃避依附對於親子衝突對情緒穩定的影響具顯著的調節作用。

根據研究結果，本研究建議相關專業工作者可針對青少年不同的依附風格進行輔導，並且提升父母有關建立良好依附關係的知能，以增加青少年面對衝突的調節能力。

The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of parent-child conflict on emotional stability and explore whether different attachment styles in adolescents can moderate the effects of conflict on emotional stability. The research adopts a questionnaire survey method, targeting high school and junior high school students in northern Taiwan as the study sample. The instruments used include the"Parent-Child Conflict Scale," "Emotional Stability Subscale," and "Attachment Style Scale." Data analysis was conducted using SPSS statistical software through descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression. The findings are as follows: 1. Among the background variables, having a "religious belief" significantly impacts both parent-child conflict and emotional stability. Religious belief is positively correlated with parent-child conflict and negatively correlated with emotional stability. Age is positively correlated with avoidant and ambivalent attachment. Secure attachment is associated with living in a typical family structure and is positively correlated with the mother's education level and the family's economic status. 2. Adolescents show a low level of parent-child conflict. In terms of attachment styles, ambivalent attachment is the most prevalent, followed by secure attachment, with avoidant attachment being the least common. Emotional stability in adolescents is moderately high. 3. "Parent-child conflict" is significantly negatively correlated with "emotional stability." "Parent-child conflict" is positively correlated with "avoidant attachment" and "ambivalent attachment." "Emotional stability" is significantly positively correlated with "secure attachment" but negatively correlated with "avoidant attachment" and "ambivalent attachment." 4. In the analysis of differences in attachment styles, avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles show significantly higher parent-child conflict than secure attachment. In the analysis of differences in emotional stability, secure attachment demonstrates significantly higher emotional stability than avoidant and ambivalent attachment. 5. After controlling for parent-child conflict, both secure and ambivalent attachment have significant effects on emotional stability. Secure attachment shows a significant positive correlation, while ambivalent attachment shows a significant negative correlation. Avoidant attachment has no significant effect on emotional stability. However, when examining the moderating effect of attachment, it was found that avoidant attachment significantly moderates the impact of parent-child conflict on emotional stability.Based on the research findings, this study suggests that professionals focus on providing guidance tailored to adolescents with different attachment styles and enhance parental knowledge on establishing positive attachment relationships to improve adolescents' conflict management abilities.