平面視覺空間知覺效果X動態海報設計之創作研究

Abstract

當眼睛視網膜受到三維度空間的刺激後產生視知覺，其中雙眼線索以及單眼線索判斷物件間的前後空間關係。平面視覺空間中單眼線索為主要深度知覺的線索，從史前時代起將三維度所見的物體繪製於二維度圖像上，並隨時代發展而有不同應用。海報此種媒材隨著印刷術的進步透過大量印刷以傳達訊息，並隨著新媒體、科技的蓬勃發展，海報從印刷傳達演變出動態海報的螢幕展示方式。在二維度的海報上，添加時間、動態以及音訊的元素增加海報的敘事性，在觀看動態海報時加強情緒感受的變化，而「時間」與「空間」的變化是海報所無法取代的，動態海報因為載體的呈現方式，展示不再受張貼場合、展示時間所限制。本研究使用文獻分析法，彙整「平面視覺空間」、「海報」、「動態海報」中的視覺知覺、深度知覺、海報、動態海報的形式、發展以及構成等文獻資料。其中依照海報傳達的目的性為基礎，分為「廣告宣傳型動態海報」、「傳達型動態海報」、「互動型動態海報」三種類型。分析案例蒐集目前極具國際規模的2017年、2019年、2021年三屆玻利維亞國際海報雙年展動態海報，分析結果為動態海報循環海報，而動態海報的播放秒數介於3至15秒為佳。平面視覺空間形式則以KJ法分（ㄧ）風格為「物件圖像風格」、「插畫風格」、「寫實風格」、「建模風格」，並以此分出十四種形式，常用為「覆蓋插畫」、「圖地圖像」、「覆蓋與半透疊圖像」、「覆蓋建模」等形式；（二）動態形式則分為十一種，常用「位移」、「閃爍」、「軸向翻轉」、「漸變」等形式，營造平面視覺空間中動態效果的變化。創作研究則以「七情六欲」作為創作主題，使用「喜、怒、哀、懼、愛、惡、欲、見、聽、香、味、觸、意」共計十三種情緒感受作為海報及動態海報創作。將平面視覺空間形式、動態形式案例分析結果應用於海報創作中，加強心理上「敘事」的情感傳遞，並嘗試動態海報在不同載體上的展示方式。While human eyes receive stimulus from the three-dimensional space, a visual perception was created which recognizes the depth of planes and judges the distance of objects based on binocular cues as well as monocular cues. The monocular cue is the primary dept perception in graphic visual-spatial perception to illustrated three-dimensional objects with two-dimensional graphics, and such practice dated back to the prehistoric age while the mediums kept evolving over time. The poster is such kind of medium that developed in conjunction with the advancement of typography, to communicate information design via printing. Evolved from the poster, the motion posters communicate beyond printing and display on the screen, which is developed alongside the new media and modern technology. The motion pictures enhance the narrativity of the poster by adding time, motion, and audio to intensify the emotional perception while viewing the motion poster, in which the change in time and space of the motion poster is something that the traditional poster cannot reproduce. Due to the flexibility of the media, the motion poster has no longer been constrained by the poster location and display time.This research offers a document analysis of graphic visual-spatial perception, posters, and motion posters while providing the reference of visual perception, depth perception, and the form, composition, and development of posters and motion posters. The motion posters were divided into three genres based on their purposefulness: advertising propaganda motion posters, communicational motion posters, and interactive motion posters.In the case analysis, the motion posters from the highly internationalized Bienal del Cartel Bolivia BICeBé 2017, 2019, and 2021 are collected. The analysis summarized that the optimal playing time for the looping posters is between 3 to 15 seconds.KJ Method was applied to further analyze the forms of their graphic visual-spatial perception. The result is summarized as below: (1) The motion posters can be categorized into four genres: object graphics, illustration, realism and modeling, and can be further categorized into fourteen forms, including overlapping illustration, figure-ground graphics, overlapping and overlapping transparent surface graphics and overlapping modeling, etc. (2) They can be categorized into eleven motion forms to construct the motion effects in graphic visual-spatial perception, in which the displacement, flicker, axial flip and gradation are the most commonly found.The study of creation is done with the theme" seven emotions and six desires", using a total of thirteen emotional feelings, including happiness, anger, sadness, fear, love, disgust, desire, vision, hearing, smell, taste, touch and sense. The analysis results of the spatial perception and motion form was implemented into the creation, to enhance psychologically the emotion delivery of the narrative, and to experiment displaying the motion posters with different media.