職業網球選手Djokovic與Nadal對戰比較研究-以紅土球場為例

Abstract

目的：本研究主要探討Djokovic在2011年與2012年在發球局、接發球局、多拍擊球及關鍵分表現比較各階段得分比較研究。方法：觀看統計2011年與2012年兩年Djokovic對戰Nadal在紅土的五場比賽，以分析兩年對戰在發球局與接發球局各階段得分比較研究。結果：（一）、Djokovic的發球後攻擊比例，由2011年的50%降至2012年的40%，以及攻擊得分比例也逐年下降由76%降至67%，是為被破發的主要因素之一。（二）、Djokovic在發向反拍落點獲得的優勢逐漸降低(49%43%)，2012年降低發向反拍落點(70%57%)並提高發向正拍落點的比例(25%35%)，才得以維持發球優勢獲得的比例。 , （三）、兩人接發球在接向中間遭發球者攻擊的皆佔高比例，唯有Djokovic在接向斜線的回發球被Nadal攻擊的比例比Djokovic接向中間要高(斜線被攻擊為15%、中間被攻擊為11%)。（四）、兩人多拍的策略正拍多為斜線對峙為主(約70~80%)，較有機會才會採取擊向直線空檔；反拍則是改變路線的比例比重複路線的對峙要多(改變路線約60~70%，重複路線對峙約30~40%)，主要以反拍來使對手來回跑動。（五）、在面臨被破發球點時，Djokovic靠發球後一拍攻擊得分化解了最多的被破發球點(13分)，Nadal則是靠防守化解最多(10分)。但兩人得分比例上，最高皆是發球後攻擊得分。結論：（一）、頂尖選手的比賽中，除了發球要搶直接得分外，發球後第一拍獲取攻擊機會及攻擊的穩定性也是相當重要的。（二）、接發球要有化解發球攻勢之能力，而能夠掌握控制落點的球，盡量要朝向兩個角度(直線、斜線)進行回擊，較能減少被發球者攻擊比例、甚至獲得接球上的優勢。（三）、頂尖選手在發球後進入多拍對峙時，多數選擇較掌握且能調動對手的對角球路，在將對手拉開且自己站穩的情況下才會採用冒險較具攻擊性的球路（直線變線球）。（四）、面臨破發球點關鍵分時，還是以發球直接得分及發球後強勢採取攻擊，較能在關鍵時刻取分。Purpose: the purpose of this study was to investigate the tennis scoring performance of 5 matches of Djokovic and Nadal between 2011 to 2012, during the different sections of serving and returning game, key point and rally point. Method: observing and encoding the performance of Djokovic-Nadal matches between 2011 and 2012 in clay court, and analyzing the different scoring distribution among serving and returning game. Results: 1.The percentages of aggressive-stroke of Djokovic , after service, are 50% and 40% in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The points scored by aggressive-stroke are also decreased from 76 % to 67 % during 2011 to 2012. 2. The advantages of Djokovic serving to backhand placement are decreased from 49 % to 43 %. In order to maintain the serving advantages, Djokovic decreased the percentages of serving to backhand placement form 70 % to 57 %, then increased the percentages of serving to forehand placement form 25% to 35% during 2011 to 2012. 3. The percentages of aggressive-stroke by server in returning to median court are higher among both players. When Djokovic returning to cross-court, the percentages of aggressive-stroke by Nadal are higher than returning to median court (cross court 15% and median court 11%).3. in rally point, the direction of cross court is the highest contribution (70~80%). 4. Although aggressive stroke was the highest scoring contribution, Djokovic resolve break point mostly by aggressive stroke after service (13), and Nadal resolve break point mostly by rally point (10). Conclusion: 1. In spite of getting direct advantages of service, controlling the opportunities and stabilities of connected stroke after service are also important. 2.The returner need the abilities of resolving the serving advantages, including make contact of first service and control the returning direction in second service. 3. cross court stroking is the most steady direction chosen during rally point, only in making good chances, the risky and aggressive stroke of change direction will be applied. 4. scored directly by service or connected aggressive-stroke after service are the main strategies when facing break point.