在臺外籍人士文化適應研究與跨文化教學設計—以西班牙外籍人士爲例

Abstract

本研究旨在探討長期居住於台灣的西班牙人之文化適應過程，並運用紮根理論進行深入分析。透過對八位受訪者的質性訪談，本研究探討他們在台灣的適應挑戰、應對策略及個人成長。研究發現，西班牙人在台灣的文化適應經歷了多個階段，主要面臨語言障礙、社交網絡建立困難、文化差異及職場挑戰等問題。語言能力的限制影響了他們的社交與職業發展，而台灣社會偏向間接溝通的文化模式也對他們的適應造成一定挑戰。為了克服這些困難，受訪者採取了多種應對策略，包括建立社交支持網絡、積極學習中文、調適生活習慣，以及發展自身的職業技能。本研究發現，台灣的安全環境與友善氛圍是受訪者適應與長期居留的重要因素，然而，思鄉情懷仍然存在，特別是在家庭聯繫及飲食習慣方面。儘管面臨挑戰，許多受訪者表示，他們在台灣的經歷促進了個人成長，提升了跨文化理解能力，並帶來了新的職業發展機會。本研究有助於深入理解在臺西班牙外籍人士的文化適應歷程，並為未來移居臺灣的西班牙人提供實用建議。根據研究結果，本文提出一門專為長期居住西班牙人設計的跨文化適應課程，結合紮根理論與文化適應模型，提供具體工具與同儕支持。同時，建議相關機構強化語言協助，推動此類課程，以促進外籍人士更順利融入臺灣社會。This study explores the cultural adaptation process of long-term Spanish expatriates in Taiwan using grounded theory as the primary research approach. Through qualitative interviews with eight participants, this study examines their adaptation challenges, coping strategies, and personal growth. The findings reveal that Spanish expatriates in Taiwan experience multiple phases of cultural adaptation, facing obstacles such as language barriers, difficulties in building social networks, cultural differences, and workplace challenges. Limited language proficiency affects their social and professional integration, while Taiwan’s indirect communication style also poses adaptation difficulties.To overcome these challenges, participants adopt various strategies, including establishing social support networks, actively learning Chinese, adjusting their lifestyles, and developing professional skills. The study highlights that Taiwan’s safe environment and welcoming atmosphere play a crucial role in their adaptation and long-term residency decisions. However, homesickness remains prevalent, particularly in terms of family connections and dietary habits. Despite these challenges, many participants report significant personal growth, improved cross-cultural understanding, and expanded career opportunities due to their experiences in Taiwan.This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the cultural adaptation process of Spanish expatriates in Taiwan and offers practical insights for future immigrants. Based on the findings, it proposes a cross-cultural adaptation course tailored for long-term Spanish residents, combining grounded theory results with adaptation models to provide useful tools and peer support. It also recommends that institutions enhance language support and implement such programs to facilitate the integration of foreign residents into Taiwanese society.