台灣國小學童至漮體適能與視力、口腔、體位之相關性研究

Abstract

多數研究均認為健康體適能有助於改善人類的健康，然而，極少研究將健康體適能對健康指標之影響量化，因此，本研究運用兩個大型資料庫，探討國小學童健康體適能與視力、口腔、體位之關係。方法：本研究資料取自96學年度台灣體適能資料庫及台灣學校衛生資料庫之國小層級資料，運用典型相關統計方法探討健康體適能5項測驗（坐姿體前彎、一分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐、立定跳遠、三分鐘登階、800/1600公尺跑走）和3個健康指標（齲齒率、視力不良率、正常體位率）之關係。結果：兩個典型相關係數均達統計顯著差異，第一個典型相關係數為.287(Wilks Λ=.89, F=4.05, p<.001)，第二個為.168(Wilks Λ=.97, F=2.20, p=.025)，視力不良率、正常體位率與兩個典型相關係數具高度相關，而齲齒率則否，5項健康體適能測驗可解釋3個健康指標總變異量的11%。結論：台灣地區的國民小學學生的健康體適能與視力健康、健康體位具顯著相關。

The significance of health-related physical fitness in improving health has been supported. Few studies were designed to explore the contributions of health-related physical fitness to elementary students' health. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between health-related physical fitness and the health of vision, oral and body weight among Taiwanese elementary school students. Methods: Data were collected from the Taiwan Health-Related Physical Fitness Database (THRPFD) and Taiwan School Health Policies and Programs Survey Database (TSHPPS) in 2007 academic year. Of all the elementary schools (n=2654), 56.8% schools (n=1506) had completed data uploading in THRPFD and 77.0% for TSHPPS. Canonical correlation examined relationship between five measures of health-related physical fitness (sit-ups completed in 60s, standing long jump, sit and reach, 800 walk, body mass indicators) and three health indicators (the health of vision, oral and body weight). Results: Two significant factors were revealed. Factor one was .287 (Wilks Λ=.89, F=4.05, p<.001), and factor two was .168 (Wilks Λ=.97, F=2.20, p=.025). The rates of myopia and ideal body weight showed relatively high loadings on two canonical factors, but not for caries rate. The two canonical factors of fitness accounted for 11% variance of the three health indicators. Conclusion: The findings suggest health-related physical fitness is significantly associated with vision health and weight management in children on school level in Taiwan.