查爾斯•艾伍士《第二號弦樂四重奏》分析研究與自我音樂創作之應用

Abstract

查爾斯•艾伍士(Charles Ives, 1874-1954)為美國重要的作曲家之一，出生於康乃狄克州。本論文將艾伍士的創作風格分為六個時期，分別為青年時期、學徒時期、創新與綜合時期、成熟時期、最後的作品時期以及修訂和首演時期。《第二號弦樂四重奏》(String Quartet No.2, 1915)為成熟時期之作品。 艾伍士的作品中富含了「引用」、「複調性」、「複節奏」以及「音堆」之創作手法，他的音樂除了受到超驗主義之外也受到其他思想潮流的淺移默化，同時也在音色、技巧、織度與形式上有了創新，並透過音樂展示了他的政治觀點。（運用性別語言以及音樂內外的活動都與美國生活的當代潮流有關。） 本論文以美國作曲家查爾斯•艾伍士《第二號弦樂四重奏》為主題，探究其音樂理念與慣用的作曲手法。最後希望藉由對此作品的深入了解，以及對筆者的影響，將其結果融入筆者自身的音樂創作中。

Charles Ives (1874-1954), one of the most important American composers, was born in Connecticut.This paper divides Ives's creative style categorized into six periods: namely youth period, apprentice period, innovation and synthesis period, maturity period, completions and last works period, and revisions and premieres period. "String Quartet No. 2, 1915" is a work from the mature period.

Ives's works are rich in the creative techniques of "quotation", "polytonality", "polyrhythm" and "tone cluster". His music is largely influenced by transcendentalism as well as other currents of thought, and he innovates in timbre, technique, texture, and form, as well as presenting his political views through his music. (The use of gendered language and activities both inside and outside the music are related to contemporary trends in American life.)This paper takes American composer Charles Ives' "String Quartet No. 2" as the theme and explores his musical concepts and idiomatic composition techniques. In the end, I hoped that through a deeper understanding of this work and its influence on the author, the results will be incorporated into the author's own musical creations.