高精密度管型線性馬達應用於定位平台之設計與控制

Abstract

本篇論文主要目的是設計並實現高精密且長行程的線性平台；在論文中分別對硬體架構、推力的分析與定位控制做介紹。在管型伺服線性馬作推力分析上，由於不同線性馬達，具有不同的磁力線分布；在導體上當線圈通以電流，會產生磁通量Φ，其中Φ的大小與磁場密度和磁場強度來決定；經由對磁通量對時間做微分一次，求得線性馬達的反電動勢為式子，最後依功能原理推導得到力與電流之間的關係；經由模擬圖可以得知因本身結構，在弦波的峰值會有干擾的產生。這些干擾對定位控制上有極大的影響。

在線性平台的控制上，主要是使用傳統PID控制器搭配庫倫摩擦力模型與適應滑動模型控制器，做定位控制與分析比較；其中在一些摩擦力與漣波力，我們把他假設為d，根據以上對於伺服管型馬達之動態模式推導與摩擦力模型估測，其控制目標是設計並且控制適當之輸入電流使得系統具有大行程與達成高精密定位準度之性能，亦即使得系統狀態參數快速到達設定位置控制目標。由電腦模擬的結果，可以證實確實能達到良好的控制效果，以達到長行程的運動控制。The purpose of this paper is to design and achieve a high-precision and long-stroke linear platform. We introduce three parts, about hardware architecture, analysis of the force and positioning control, in this paper. In the analysis of the force generated by the operation of the servo linear tubular motor, because different linear motor has a different distribution of magnetic field lines, when the current through the coil on the conductor , it will generate magnetic flux Φ, whose magnitude is decided by strength and density of the magnetic field. We get the function of the anti-EMF by the time derivative of magnetic flux, and finally we use the Functional principle calculated the relationship between force and current. By simulation figure we can see some disturbances on the peaks of the sine wave, These disturbances will have a profound influence on positioning control. In the controlling of linear platform, we do positioning control and analysis by using mainly based on traditional PID controller with Coulomb friction model and adaptive sliding mode control. We assume that the friction force and ripple as “d” at estimation of the servo linear tubular motor dynamic model and the friction model. Our goal is to establish a control system, when the current passes through the linear platform that can reach a long stroke and high precision positioning performance. We confirmed by computer simulation results, we really can get good control results in order to achieve the purpose of long stroke control.