新式無縫桌球之運動學分析

Abstract

摘要 2014年7月開始使用新式無縫桌球，由於材質從賽璐珞改成聚氯乙烯，新式無縫球將會與目前使用的球有所不同，現今國內尚無任何研究文獻，本研究目的在分析新式無縫球與目前有縫球彈性、旋轉和球速特性差異，提供桌球選手、教練訊息以因應此重大改革。本研究方法使用高速攝影機(1000Hz)，以無縫球和有縫球兩種不同材質和結構的球，透過發球機、自由落體和選手擊球等三項實驗進行，使用Kwon3D 動作分析軟體得到運動學數據，統計方法分別採用無母數獨立樣本曼惠特尼U檢定和重複量數單因子變異數分析，顯著水準設為α=.05。結果顯示:一、發球機實驗中，上旋球轉速無縫球顯著降低；二、在自由落體實驗中，無縫球彈性恢復係數顯著提升；三、在選手擊球實驗中，正手切球與正手發上旋球之平均球速無縫球顯著降低；正手拉下旋球、正手拉上旋球與正手發上旋球之平均轉速無縫球顯著降低。本研究結論為新式無縫球與有縫球確實存在差異性，本研究結果可給桌球運動領域人員作為參考。

Abstract

The piastic balls will be used in July 2014,The new balls will differ from the present balls used,because they are made of plastic instead of celluloid.So far,there is no study about the new plastic balls in Taiwan. The purpose of this study was to analysis the difference between the new plastic balls and the celluloid balls in coefficient of restitution,spin and speed.It offer players and coaches the informations to adapt to the change.The high-speed camera(1000Hz) was used to capture the movements of the three experiments Kwon3D Motion analysis software was used to analyze the data. Mann-Whitney U test(α = .05) and Repeated-measures One-way ANOVA(α = .05) were applied to assess the differences.The result indicated that:(1)In the tabletennis robot’s experiment,the spins in topspin have significant decrease with the plastic ball compared to celluloid ball. (2)In the free fall experiment,the coefficient of restitution has significant increase with the plastic ball compared to celluloid ball .(3)In the elite player’s experiment, the speeds in forehand drive against an srriving backspin, forehand drive against an arriving topspin and forehand topspin serve have significant decrease with the plastic ball compared to celluloid ball,and the spins in forehand backspin serve and forehand topspin serve have significant decrease with the plastic ball compared to celluloid ball.This study concludes that there actually have differences between the new plastic balls and the celluloid balls.The results of this study could be considered as a reference in the field of tabletennis.