平台化下台灣新聞社群編輯的數位勞動

Abstract

數位平台在當代佔據重要的傳播地位，不僅影響新聞業的營運方式與內容策略，也改變了新聞工作者的日常實踐。其中，負責經營新聞社群平台、俗稱為「新聞小編」的社群編輯一職，其工作面貌深受平台化所形塑。然而迄今為止，這份職業缺乏勞動面向的充分討論。本研究以新聞社群編輯為研究主體，描繪出四大研究結果，包括一、在平台化的勞動背景，新聞媒體基於商業考量而對各個平台的重視程度不一，使新聞小編的具體職務經常變動而不穩定，且在平台打破時空的特性下，面臨公私模糊、被迫加工的處境；二、在平台化的職能轉變，新聞社群編輯漸漸從傳播者成為生產者，但其處理和決策新聞的價值觀是以平台為標準，形成一套平台化的另類新聞處理準則；三、面對平台化要求的情感勞動，新聞社群編輯面臨與真實自我疏離的異化狀態，並在維持與網友的關係勞動時承擔龐大的情緒管理壓力；四、在針對處於平台化的勞動主體發現，新聞社群編輯的工作認同與其技術累積和新聞主導性有關，並因處於被邊緣化的新聞產業位置而發展受限，使這份工作難以成為有競爭力和長期從事意願的職業。

本研究不但豐富了平台化下的新聞產業發展觀察，也捕捉了在當今各種平台快速興衰交替的時代，過往研究較少提及的Instagram、YouTube、Threads等平台如何重塑新聞業的勞動現狀，同時為新聞業面對數位平台的衝擊與轉型的趨勢，提供可進一步深掘的研究方向。Digital platforms play a crucial role in shaping the news industry, influencing both operational models and the daily practices of journalists. One such role, the social media editor (or"news editor"), is heavily impacted by platformization, yet labor-related discussions about this position are limited.

This study focuses on news social media editors and presents four key findings: First, due to varying platform priorities for commercial reasons, their duties often change, creating instability and blurring the lines between personal and professional lives. Second, editors have shifted from content distributors to creators, adopting platform-driven values that shape their newsliteracy. Third, platformization requires emotional labor, leading to alienation and significant emotional management pressures. Fourth, the job's identity is tied to accumulated skills and journalism’s dominance, but its peripheral role in the industry limits career development, making it hard to sustain as a competitive profession.

This research contributes to understanding how platformization affects the news industry, capturing how platforms like Instagram, YouTube, and Threads are reshaping labor practices. It also suggests directions for further exploration of digital platforms' impact on the news industry.