從人力資源管理談中學教師兼任行政之個案研究—以彰化縣一所中學為例

Abstract

本研究旨在探究彰化縣一所國民中學教師兼任行政工作之情形，從學校人力資源管理的「用人」與「培訓」策略深入剖析，試圖了解個案學校教師在兼任行政的情況下，可能產生的工作壓力與困境，進而梳理出教師兼任行政工作面臨的壓力來源與解決之道，以及影響其兼任行政工作之意願。本研究採取個案研究法，以大海國中（化名）作為研究場域，透過半結構式訪談來蒐集資料，並以訪談內容作為主要分析來源。藉由資料的蒐集、整理與歸納進行分析，歸結出最終的研究成果，並提出具體建議，以供未來相關教育政策擬定與學校執行之參考。依據研究成果與其發現，將結論茲分述如下：壹、個案學校教師兼任行政所面臨的工作壓力一、行政現場面對來自上級單位、同儕與家長的外部壓力二、教師在個人角色與職務調適所面臨的內部壓力貳、個案學校教師兼任行政所面臨的工作壓力解決之道一、培養挫折容忍度與溝通彈性，因應外部壓力挑戰二、善用層級調解機制，以包容友善的態度化解外部衝突三、強化時間安排到系統性管理，將內部壓力轉化為成就參、個案學校教師組織人力資源管理的「用人策略」一、依個人專業與潛在特質，安排適任職務二、培養與激發教師潛能，鼓勵參與行政挑戰三、透過人際關係互動，促進行政意願媒合肆、個案學校教師組織人力資源管理的「培訓策略」一、建立學校行政管理與實務經驗的承襲與延續二、鼓勵教師參與進修與研習，提升專業發展三、透過實務歷練，強化教師行政實作能力伍、影響個案學校教師兼任行政工作之意願一、教師懷抱教育熱忱與動機，勇於嘗試職涯轉換之挑戰二、上級長官給予外在支持與鼓勵，增加教師兼任行政意願與信心三、政府宜改善薪資與福利制度，以提升兼任行政職之誘因四、學校營造友善氛圍，穩定未來趨勢與行政發展This study aims to explore the situation of junior high school teachers concurrently serving in administrative roles at a school in Changhua County. It delves into the school’s human resource management strategies in terms of “staffing” and “training,” in order to understand the potential work stress and challenges faced by teachers taking on administrative duties. The study seeks to identify the sources of such pressures, possible coping strategies, and the factors influencing teachers’ willingness to assume administrative responsibilities. Adopting a case study approach, this research focuses on “Dahai Junior High School” (a pseudonym) as the field site. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, which served as the main source for analysis. Through data collection, organization, and synthesis, the study draws its conclusions and provides concrete suggestions for future educational policymaking and school-level implementation.Based on the findings, the study concludes the following:I.Work Stress Faced by Teachers with Concurrent Administrative Roles at the Case School.1.External pressures from higher authorities, peers, and parents encountered in administrative work.2.Internal pressures from personal role adjustment and adapting to administrative duties.II.Coping Strategies for Work Stress Faced by Teachers with Concurrent Administrative Roles at the Case School.1.Develop tolerance for setbacks and flexibility in communication to handle external challenges.2.Make effective use of hierarchical mediation mechanisms and adopt a tolerant and friendly attitude to resolve external conflicts.3.Enhance time management and systematic organization to transform internal pressure into a sense of achievement.III.Staffing Strategies in Human Resource Management of the Teaching Organization at the Case School.1.Assign appropriate positions based on individual expertise and potential characteristics.2.Develop and stimulate teachers’ potential by encouraging them to take on administrative challenges.3.Promote the alignment of administrative willingness through interpersonal interactions.IV.Training Strategies in Human Resource Management of the Teaching Organization at the Case School.1.Establish continuity in school administrative management and practical experience.2.Encourage teachers to pursue further studies and professional development.3.Strengthen teachers’ administrative competencies through hands-on experience.V.Factors Influencing Teachers’ Willingness to Assume Concurrent Administrative Roles at the Case School.1.Teachers possess passion and motivation for education, and are willing to take on the challenges of career transitions. 2.External support and encouragement from superiors increase teachers’ willingness and confidence to assume administrative roles. 3.The government should improve salary and benefits systems to enhance the appeal of administrative duties. 4.Schools should foster a friendly environment to ensure stability in future trends and administrative development.