新北市高中生社會資本與公民參與之關係探討

Abstract

本研究旨在瞭解新北市高中生社會資本與其公民參與表現之現況，且比較不同背景與過往經驗之高中生對社會資本及公民參與之差異情形，並進一步分析個人背景變項、過往經驗變項與社會資本對公民參與是否具有預測力。為達本研究之目的，本研究採用問卷調查法，透過修編後之「高中生社會資本與公民參與調查問卷」作為資料搜集工具，以就讀於新北市普通班高中生作為研究母群體，採立意取樣方式，進行問卷發放與填答。而本研究共回收402份有效正式問卷。除此，根據填答者之填答結果進行描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析與階層迴歸分析等統計方法分析結果，獲致之研究結論如下：一、新北市高中生社會資本之整體現況屬於「中高」程度，其中以「規範」層面的表現最佳，意即當前高中生的社會資本表現情形普遍良好。二、新北市高中生公民參與之整體現況屬於「中低」程度，其中以「班級參與」層面的表現最好；而高中生的公民參與在整體及分層面表上普遍低於理論平均值，意即當前高中生在公民參與情形較為低落。三、不同背景變項（生理性別、就讀年級、家庭社經地位及學校類型）與過往經驗（家庭管教方式、教師教學方式、幹部經驗、媒體使用動機）之新北市高中生在整體社會資本上皆具有顯著差異。四、不同家庭社經地位、學校類型、幹部經驗及媒體使用動機在新北市高中生的整體公民參與上皆具有顯著差異。五、新北市高中生的背景變項、過往經驗、社會資本對其公民參與表現具有「中度」之預測力。最後，根據本研究結果，分別提出對學校及未來研究之建議，提供學校相關單位及未來研究者之參考。

The purpose of this study is to understand the current situation of social capital and civic engagement among high school students in New Taipei City, comparing the differences in social capital and civic participation among high school students with different backgrounds and experiences, and to further analyze the predictive power of individual background variables, past experiences, and social capital on civic participation.In order to achieve the purpose of the research, a questionnaire survey method was adopted. The revised"Social Capital and Civic engagement Survey Questionnaire for High School Students" was used as the data collection tool. The study population consisted of regular class high school students in New Taipei City, and a stratified random sampling method was used for questionnaire distribution and completion. A total of 402 valid questionnaires were collected. In addition, descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and hierarchical regression analysis were usedto analyze the results, and the following conclusions were drawn:1. The overall social capital of senior high school students in New Taipei City was"medium-high", with the best performance at the "normative" level. The performance of their social capital at the overall level and at each level was higher than the theoretical average, meaning that the social capital of senior high school students is generally good nowadays. 2. The overall civic participation of high school students in New Taipei City is "medium-low", with the best performance in the "class participation" level. Civic participation of high school students in general is lower than the theoretical average in both the overall and stratified scales, meaning that high school students' civic participation is relatively low. 3. New Taipei City high school students differed significantly in overall social capital across background variables (biological sex, grade level, family socioeconomic status, and school type) and past experiences (family parenting style, teacher teaching style, cadre experience, and use intention of media). 4. There are significant differences in the overall civic engagement of New Taipei City high school students by family socioeconomic status, school type, cadre experience, and use intention of media.5. The respondents’ background variables, past experiences, and social capital of New Taipei City high school students predicted their civic engagement at a medium but significant level.Suggestions for schools and future researchers are provided according to the results of this study.