戲劇結構導入電影分鏡腳本之研究

Abstract

回顧臺灣動畫業的發展，在70、80年代鼎盛時期時，成為全球動畫片代工的重鎮，隨著國外技術引進，提昇代工能力，造就了許多技術卓越的動畫師。然而長期以此模式發展國內動畫產業，面臨了缺乏敘事能力的培訓、文化傳承及題材開發的困境。因此自民國90年代起，我國文化建設，即以振興電影產業作為指標。電影藝術匯聚文學、音樂、舞蹈甚至是繪畫，是集結眾多人文思想的一種創作表現。本研究意圖製作保存地方文化的動畫短片，取材自猴硐的人文歷史及自然環境，以礦工生活作為作品的主要內容。 研究方法首先調查動畫電影的目標、演進、類型與探討戲劇的結構、敘事、衝突之相關文獻，再對於透過宣揚地方文化特色的國片進行案例分析。運用操弄場面、鏡頭調度、剪輯後製的方法融入劇情。創作分析則是田野調查與訪問記錄，探究猴硐礦工相關內容的電影，藉著電影畫面還原的昔日影像。創作作品中將散文結構融入劇情刻畫生活細節。 本創作具有多時空結構場景虛實交錯的特質，實為採用如紀錄片寫實呈現採礦業之工作內容；虛為實驗電影的超現實手法於場景變換，並用動畫片跳脫常理的特質在角色設計。影片視覺風格為營造懷舊風格，以傳統手繪表現其質感。創作呈現有效運用各類型電影的表現特色，使大眾親近地方歷史及傳統產業，拓展人文基礎與延續知識內涵。Reviewing the development of animation industry, Taiwan was the center of the global cartoon foundry during the heyday of the 1970as and 1980s. With the introduction of foreign advanced technology, the foundry capability was improved and many animators obtained precious experience. However, using the same mode for a long period of time, issues such as narrative capacity, the cultural continuity and theme elaborating appear and interfere with the development of the domestic animation industry. Since the 1990s, film industry became an indicator of the revitalization of the Chinese culture. Motion Picture Art brings together literature, music, dance or painting, and is a creative performance, which includes many humanistic ideas. The intent of this study is to make an animated short film about the preservation of local culture, which takes inspiration from the cultural history and natural environment of the Houtong. The main content of the production is the miner life and working condition. Research methods are a survey of the target, the evolution and the genre of the animation film, a literature review of the drama structure, narration, and conflict, and a case study of the domestic film, which promotes local culture characteristics. Methods such as scene control, mise-en-scene, film editing were used to achieve better effect. The analysis is based on field research and interview records in order to explore films about Houtong miners, through the movie screen to restore the old image. The production blends the structure of prose into the story, and portrays the details of life. This animation has the characteristic of interlaced multi-space and time, realism and imagination. The realism approach uses documentary records showing the work of the mining; the imagination approach experiments the method of surrealism changing scene and uses the animated characteristics of fictitious in the character design. Visual style creates a nostalgic atmosphere by showing traditional hand painted texture. The animation uses different types of the film performance features, so that the public gets closer to the local history and traditional industries, and expands cultural foundation and continuation of knowledge contents.