以工作同盟取向探討男性相對人社工之服務經驗

Abstract

在家庭暴力服務體系中，被害人服務與目睹兒童服務是較被重視的服務。但，其實家庭暴力事件的發生是牽涉一整個「家庭」。而，於其中其實包含:被害人、相對人與孩子三方，但目前相對人在社會情境中，大多仍是較少數、易被標籤化與邊緣化的族群，故，促使研究者在接觸相對人服務後，欲呈現更全面的家庭暴力服務，另，也因《家庭暴力相對人輔導服務方案》為較長期與深入的服務，本研究將透過工作同盟探討《家庭暴力相對人輔導服務方案》社工的整體服務歷程、相對人的轉變樣貌及服務的推力與阻礙，使相對人服務能被整體性詮釋。為了能更深入探討社工的服務歷程經驗，本研究採用質性研究方法，透過滾雪球取樣招募了8位研究對象，使用深度訪談法蒐集相對人社工們的服務經驗，並以主題分析法進行資料分析。研究結果發現，過去是否能與相對人接觸，會影響受訪者對相對人的初步印象。受訪者進入相對人服務的契機包含「對相對人的好奇」及「對家庭與伴侶工作興趣」。而，相對人社工的服務歷程，初期相對人情緒較高張混亂，社工服務目標是:評估暴力危機與建立關係與界線，並會透過同理、傾聽、接納…等方式提升相對人的信任與建立情感連結；中期相對人逐漸穩定，社工會回到「個人」，針對:情緒、關係與日常生活議題進行探討，其中重要的工作技巧即是讓相對人透過「自我覺察」理解自己的內在狀態，此時，也是社工開始能與相對人逐漸建立溝通與合作的契機，因當相對人能理解自我時，也更能表達自我需求，使社工能建立更貼近相對人的服務目標；結案期，相對人的暴力已減緩、日常生活也較穩定後社工便會結案，而社工也會準備結案及帶領相對人回顧服務，使其看見服務歷程中自己的進展。另外，於相對人服務中，的推力與阻力則能從:相對人與社工、機構與網絡三方面探討。最後，當社工能與相對人建立「合作」時，更能促進雙向溝通，使服務目標與策略更貼近相對人需求與提升服務有效性。另外，期盼本研究能使相對人社工服務更被具體呈現，並成為初步的服務指引，及促進未來有更多相關的研究。In the domestic violence service system, victim service and child witness service are more important services. However, in fact the occurrence of domestic violence involves an entire"family." It actually includes three parts: the Perpetrators, the relative and the child.But the perpetrators is still a minority in the social situation, which is easy to be labeled and marginalized.So it promote researcher want to present more domestic violence services after contacting the perpetrators service, and because the Domestic Violence perpetrators Counseling Service Scheme is a long-term and in-depth service, this research will discuss the Domestic Violence perpetrators Counseling Service Scheme through the work alliance.In order to further explore the service experience of social workers, this research adopted qualitative research methods, through the snowball sampling to recruited 8 subjects, collected the service experience of social workers for perpetrators by in-depth interviews, and analyzed the data by thematic analysis.The results of the research found that whether or not the respondent had contact with the perpetrators in the past would affect the respondent's initial impression of the perpetrators.The respondent's opportunity to enter the perpetrators service included "curiosity about the perpetrators" and "interest in family and partner work". The service experience of social workers for perpetrators, the perpetrator's emotions are relatively high. In the early stage. The social work service goal is to: assess the crisis of violence and establish relationships and boundaries, and to enhance the perpetrator's trust and establish emotional connections through empathy, listening, acceptance, etc.; in the middle term, the perpetrator will become more stabilize, and the social worker will return to the"individual" to discuss emotions, relationships and daily life issues,and the important working skills are to let the perpetrator through "self-awareness" Understanding one's own inner state is also an opportunity for social workers to gradually establish communication and cooperation . When the perpetrator can understand themselves, they can also better express their needs, allowing social workers to establish service goals that are closer to the perpetrators. In the case closing period, when the risk of violence has slowed down and their daily life has become more stable, the social worker will close the case. The social worker will also prepare to close the case and lead perpetrators to review the service so that they can see their own progress in the service process. In addition, the driving force and resistance in the perpetrators service can be explored from three parts: the perpetrators and the social worker, the organization and the network.Finally, when social workers can establish"cooperation" with perpetrators, it can promote two-way communication, make service goals and strategies closer to the needs of the perpetrators, and enhance service effectiveness. In addition hope this research can provide a more concrete presentation of social work services for perpetrators, become preliminary service guidelines, and promote more related research in the future.