台灣金融機構發展供應鏈金融之研析：以C銀行為例

Abstract

中小企業由於財務體質較弱，使其較難從銀行等傳統融資管道獲得融資，或必須承擔較高的融資成本，融資難、融資貴，形成中小企業發展的障礙。「供應鏈金融」將供應鏈上的核心企業及與其相關的上下游企業視為一整體，以核心企業的信用保證為依託，由該企業提供供應鏈交易資訊予銀行，為上下游的中小企業等供應鏈環節的任一節點企業，提供融資。此議題已發展多年，不但有助於讓資金在供應鏈中靈活地流動，更可降低規模較小的企業受到資金不足的限制。然而過往供應鏈金融在執行中都有一些問題存在，如今金融科技的進步帶動供應鏈金融發展得更好，例如區塊鏈等技術讓供應鏈金融的各個環節更加透明、易於管理，曾經無法定價的風險可被量化，有助於供應鏈中更多的中小企業能獲得融資機會。 供應鏈金融是資金、企業、商品與資訊整合而成的平臺，透過金融科技技術帶動供應鏈金融發展，由於銀行若能更加掌握上下游企業的資訊，銀行債務方面更有擔保，未來就可為供應鏈中更多的中小企業提供資金。對於中小企業而言，過去因自身財務條件不佳無法取得貸款的需求，透過供應鏈金融的進一步發展可得到滿足，提升營運周轉能力；對於銀行而言，透過供應鏈金融資訊的透明化及服務範圍的延伸，亦有助於爭取到更多信評優良的中心廠及供應商業務的商機。 所以本研究欲突破的問題為商業銀行在傳統供應鏈金融商業模式上能否結合金融科技進一步提升其價值創造能力，簡要介紹供應鏈金融的應用與發展，並說明個案銀行目前供應鏈金融業務的現況，及對台灣銀行業發展供應鏈金融提出改進及優化的建議。

Due to the weak financial constitution of SMEs, it is difficult to obtain financing from traditional financing channels such as banks, or they must bear higher financing costs. Financing is difficult and expensive, which forms an obstacle to the development of SMEs. The core enterprises on the chain and related upstream and downstream enterprises consider that as a whole, relying on the credit guarantee of the core enterprise, the enterprise will provide the supply chain transaction information to the bank to replace any supply chain of upstream and downstream small and medium-sized enterprises and other supply chains. There are some problems in the implementation of the previous supply chain finance. Nowadays, the advancement of financial technology has driven the development of supply chain finance. For example, blockchain and other technologies have made all aspects of supply chain finance more transparent, easy to manage, and can never be priced. The risks can be quantified, which helps more SMEs in the supply chain to obtain financing opportunities. Supply chain finance is a platform for the integration of funds, enterprises, commodities and information. The development of supply chain finance is driven by fintech technology. Since banks can better grasp the information of upstream and downstream enterprises and have more guarantees on bank debt, they can supply more SMEs in the chain with funds. For small and medium-sized enterprises, the need to obtain loans due to poor financial conditions in the past can be met through the further development of supply chain finance to improve operating turnover; for banks, through the transparency of supply chain financial information and the extension of service scope, it will also help to evolve into more business opportunities for central factories and supplier businesses with good credit ratings. Therefore, the question that this research wants to break through is whether commercial banks can integrate financial technology in the traditional supply chain finance business model to further enhance their value creation capabilities, briefly introduce the application and development of supply chain finance, and explain the current supply chain finance business of case banks. The status quo, and put forward suggestions for improvement and optimization of Taiwan's banking industry to develop supply chain finance.