國際企業外派人員主動性人格、文化智商、跨文化溝通能力與團隊績效之關聯性研究

Abstract

隨著商業環境的成熟，產業分工之情形日益繁多，造就國際化程度與日俱增，創造許多國際企業的興起。但在國際人力資源管理的任務分工裡，不論是至外國開拓新的據點，或是洽談國際合作事務，都高度依賴外派人員的團隊績效。本研究以台灣國際企業的目前正經歷外派或曾有外派經驗之人員為研究對象，本研究重點探究外派人員具備之主動性人格、文化智商、跨文化溝通能力與團隊績效，透過問卷調查法蒐集資料並藉由結構方程模式（structural equation modeling）中的驗證性因素分析（confirmatory factor analysis）確認問卷信效度，再以潛在變項模式（latent variable modeling）檢驗各項研究假設。本研究在探討國際企業外派人員主動性人格、文化智商、跨文化溝通能力與團隊績效之關係時提出三種因徑模式（path analysis），使用競爭模型（competitive models）觀點分析何種理論模式具有較合理的解釋力，在各模型中釐清了多重中介效果（multiple mediations）的系絡，主要發現多重中介模型中透過跨文化溝通能力的輔助時，對於團隊績效的解釋力就會有明顯的提升，因此提供了更為充分的證據來促成理論模型的建立。研究結論亦有助於跨文化訓練與團隊建立之人力資源發展實務。

When a company engages in international business such as developing new branches abroad or negotiating international cooperation, its success is highly relied on its expatriate team performance. This study aimed to explore the relationships among proactive personality, cultural intelligence, intercultural communication competence and team performance of expatriates in international companies in Taiwan. A questionnaire survey method was used to collect necessary data and the validithy as well as reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed by the confirmatory factor analysis in structural equation modeling. The hypotheses of this study were examined by latent variable modeling. When exploring the relationships among proactive personality, cultural intelligence, intercultural communication competence and team performance of international expatriates, three theoretical models of path analysis were proposed. Then, the viewpoint of competitive model was employed to identify the explanatory power and the multiple mediations of each model. Consequently, the main finding is that when the multiple mediation model is assisted by intercultural communication competence, the explanatory power of team performance will be significantly improved. The conclusions of this study are also useful for human resource development in cross-cultural training and team building practices.