香港翻譯教育發展之再探討

Abstract

香港雖為彈丸之地，大學翻譯系所的密度卻是全球首屈一指。截至2025年6月，全港共有十所大學開設翻譯課程，涵蓋副學士、學士、碩士至博士等不同層級，且各有特色與教學重點，呈現百花齊放的局面。經過長達156年的英治時期，香港具備中英雙語並行的語言環境，為翻譯學科發展提供獨特的土壤。然而，相較於台灣學界對本地翻譯教育歷程的持續關注與系統性的研究整理，香港於此方面的學術論述顯得零散而薄弱。自2001年以來，鮮見有研究全面檢視翻譯課程與學科制度的整體演變，既缺乏跨校比較，亦少見從宏觀角度進行縱向追蹤。有鑑於此，本研究試圖回應此一研究缺口，重新盤點21世紀以來香港翻譯教育的發展趨勢與制度轉變，並探討其在新時代條件下的處境與可能方向。全文圍繞三個核心問題展開：第一，2025年香港各大學翻譯課程的設置現況與結構分布為何？第二，與1990年代末期的相關研究相比，當前課程內容與教學取向出現了哪些延伸與變革？第三，在翻譯科技進展、人口結構變動與社會政策變遷等多重影響下，香港翻譯教育面對哪些挑戰，又蘊藏哪些轉型的契機？

研究方法主要採取文獻分析與公開資料整理，系統盤點十所大學的翻譯課程設置、學科定位、師資組成與翻譯學術研究活動，並進行跨校比較與歷時觀察；同時亦參考台灣翻譯教育的發展經驗，以擴展比較視野與分析維度，為香港翻譯教育的發展提供借鏡。 研究結果顯示，近20多年來，香港翻譯教育已由傳統語文轉換訓練逐步轉向以專業應用與多元實踐為導向，且翻譯科技課程崛起，成為新一代譯者培訓的關鍵支柱。另一方面，人口結構改變、中港兩地融合、生成式人工智慧興起、社會政治氣候變遷等因素均對翻譯課程設計、教學內容、招生策略與師資培育等方面帶來前所未有的挑戰。在這個挑戰與機遇並存的環境中，各大學已展開課程調整與科技導入，但在政策支持、資源整合與師資訓練等面向仍存制度性瓶頸，尚待持續深化與改革。綜上所述，本文試圖為香港翻譯教育的當下樣貌與未來走向勾勒出更具結構性與跨域性的分析框架，為學術研究與教育決策提供理論支撐與行動參考，並期待能推動香港翻譯教育朝向更具回應性、開放性與永續性的方向發展。Though a small city, Hong Kong boasts the highest density of university translation programs in the world. As of June 2025, there are ten universities in Hong Kong offering translation programs at different levels, from sub-degree programs, undergraduate, postgraduate and doctorate, with distinctive features and emphases, creating diversity in translation education. Thanks to the 156-year British rule, Hong Kong has a Chinese-English bilingual environment, which provides a unique ground for the development of translation education. Yet, compared to the sustained attention and systematic research on the history of local translation education in Taiwan, the academic discourse in Hong Kong in this area is fragmented and weak. Since 2001, there have been few studies that comprehensively examine the overall evolution of the translation curricula and academic system, and there is a lack of cross-institutional comparisons as well as longitudinal tracking from a macroscopic perspective.In this regard, this study attempts to respond to this research gap by re-examining the development trends and institutional changes of translation education in Hong Kong since the beginning of the 21st century, as well as exploring its situation and possible directions in the new era. The study centers on three core questions: First, what will be the current status and structural distribution of translation programs in Hong Kong universities as of 2025? Second, compared with the relevant studies conducted in the late 1990s, what are the innovations and reforms in course contents and educational approaches of the current programs? Thirdly, under the influence of various factors such as the advancement of translation technology, demographic changes and shifts in social and political environment, what are the challenges faced by Hong Kong's translation education and what are the opportunities for its transformation?

The study primarily adopts literature analysis and compilation of publicly available data to systematically examine the curriculum, academic positioning, faculty composition and research activities of ten universities offering translation programs in Hong Kong, and to make cross-institutional comparisons and observations over time. At the same time, the study also makes reference to the experience of the developmentof translation education in Taiwan, with a view to expanding the comparative vision and analytical perspective, and to serve as a reference for the development of Hong Kong's translation education. The findings of the study show that over the past two decades, translation education in Hong Kong has gradually shifted from conventional training in language conversion to professional applications and diversified practices, with the emergence of translation technology courses as a key pillar in the training of the new generation of translators. Also, demographic changes, the integration between Hong Kong and China, the advent of generative artificial intelligence, andshifts in the socio-political landscape have posed unprecedented challenges to the design of translation programs, teaching contents, enrollment strategies, and teacher training. Amidst these challenges and opportunities, universities have started to adjust their curricula and incorporate new technologies into their programs, but there are still bottlenecks in terms of policy support, resource integration, and professional training, which are yet to be addressed through further efforts and innovations.In summary, this thesis attempts to outline a more structural and inter-disciplinary framework for analyzing the current situation and future direction of translation education in Hong Kong, to provide theoretical support and operational reference for academic research and educational decision-making, and to promote the development of Hong Kong's translation education in the direction of being more responsive, open, and sustainable.