澎湖望安島創生路：以低碳活動的策略導向

Abstract

望安島位於澎湖群島之南方，四面環海，因島嶼珊瑚礁有豐厚的海洋資源，當地島民對地方資源依存度相當高，舉凡日常生活的珊瑚、文石、石滬、魚灶、古厝、船長等息息相關。望安島因人口及產業的變遷，人口密度低、經濟活動低，其海洋環境可以是學習低碳的場所，尤其受氣候變遷之下，非常適宜推展低碳旅遊。本研究以低碳旅遊角度，以因地制宜符合地方資源特性為主軸，研究「低碳」導向的島嶼永續創生。研究目的有三：(一)整理並釐清望安島上有利低碳導向發展之在地資源，以利倡議地方創生；(二)論述如何善用望安之環境與人文資源，以利地方創生活動的生產；(三)擬議望安島的低碳創生活動策略，以增進認知在望安島推動低碳活動的生機意涵。本研究採文獻分析法和深度訪談法，訪談對象為對島嶼、海洋生態熟捻者，有14位望安島民及後寮島民，4位專家、學者。訪談內容以對珊瑚地景與日常生活、珊瑚危機與培育、珊瑚生態與氣，以候及透過耆老、島民減碳智慧與企業共同倡議減碳創生，和珊瑚、海草、海洋碳匯等成為島嶼創生機會的看法，透過訪談分析提出望安島的低碳創生策略。本研究獲致具體策略建議，主要以望安島在地資源為內容的低碳旅遊，例如(1)古厝舒眠住宿活動，(2)石滬及搖櫓補魚體驗活動，(3)魚灶乾魚體驗活動，(4)船長領航潛水、潛浮活動，(5)文石及寶石珊瑚尋寶活動，以及(6)實驗室或海洋中珊瑚培育體驗活動，而這些活動均需要能善用島民傳統環境智慧與技能，以為低碳旅遊之本。Wangan Islet is located in the south of the Penghu Islands. Because of the islet's coral reefs and rich marine resources, local islanders are highly dependent on corals. The islet’s corals, aragonite, fishing weirs, fish stoves, and traditional houses, captain, etc are all closely related among themselves. The low population density and economic activity make its marine environment a place to learn about low carbon tourism which will be beneficial to fight cliamet change. This study takes the perspective of low-carbon tourism by inventorying and analyzing the local naturaland human resources to promote"low-carbon" island regenerqation for sustainability. The purposes of this study are as follows: (1) to identify and inventory the islet’s local resources conducive to low-carbon-oriented tourism for promoting local regeneration; (2) to discuss how to make use of the islet’s natural and human resources to facilitate local regenerational activity; and (3) to propose a strategy for low-carbon activities to enhance awareness among Wangan Islanders and non-islanders about the vitality of promoting low-carbon tourism on Wangan Islet.This study analyzes documents and conducts in-depth interviews. The interviewees were people familiar with islands and marine ecology, including 14 Wangan Islanders and Houliao Islanders, and 4 experts and scholars. The interviews focus on the coral landscape and its related daily life, coral crisis and cultivation, coral ecology and climate, and the joint initiative of carbon reduction and rural regeneration through carbon reduction, the wisdom of local elderlys and enterprises, and how corals, seagrass, ocean carbon sinks have become islands views on opportunities for regeneraqtion.The study results in a few specific strategies which are low-carbon tourism based on the islet’s local resources. They include accommodation activities in traditional stone houses (Shumian), fishing in stone weirs with trantional boating activity, drying and cooking fish harvest with fish stoves, diving and snorkeling activities let by local fishing captains, treasure hunts for aragonite and gemstone coral, and coral cultivation acticity in the laboratory or the ocean. These are all activites that will promote the local wisdom and utilizes the islanders’ skills and expertises.