《史記》信陵君敘事及其後世形象

Abstract

本碩士學位論文以「《史記》信陵君敘事及其後世形象」為題，嘗試將信陵君獨立於戰國四君（孟嘗君、平原君、春申君）之外，討論先秦史料與《史記》對於信陵君的載述，同時以「下士養客」作為觀察標的，找出信陵君在歷史軌跡中，文人評價的褒、貶之因。第一章為「緒論」，說明本文的研究動機與目的，提出獨立信陵君研究之因，也回顧學界相關的研究成果，並揭示章節安排緣由與旨趣。第二章為「《史記》以前的信陵君論述」，試圖以戰國晚年與秦末漢初為分界，歸納其意義。第三章為「太史公筆下的信陵君敘事」，有別於過往學者的視角，本章重新探尋太史公的觀點與敘事意圖。第四章為「下士養客的文人評價」，本章以信陵君「下士養客」，作為觀察標的，試圖從歷代詩作文論中，找著信陵君受文人褒與貶的載述，另外，亦嘗試追索文獻，以數據分析文人心目中戰國四君的排名，總得「信陵君第一，平原君居亞，孟嘗、春申各居第三、第四」的結論。第五章為「結論」，統合全文研究成果。附錄一為「詠信陵君詩詞資料彙編」，以時代編目，收唐以前1首、唐12首、宋5首、元3首、金3首、明34首、清122首，共有182首詠信陵君之詩詞，以供學界佐參。This master's thesis, titled "The Narrative and Posthumous Image of Lord Xinling in the Records of the Grand Historian," attempts to isolate Lord Xinling from the Four Lords of the Warring States (Lords Mengchang, Pingyuan, and Chunshen). It discusses the portrayal of Lord Xinling in pre-Qin historical records and the Records of the Grand Historian, with a specific focus on the theme of "lower-ranked officials hosting guests." This theme serves as a lens to explore the varying commendations andcriticisms of Lord Xinling throughout historical trajectories.Chapter One serves as the introduction, explaining the motivation and objectives of the study, the rationale for focusing solely on Lord Xinling, and a review of related scholarly work, along with the structure and aims of the thesis. Chapter Two,"Discourses on Lord Xinling Prior to Records of the Grand Historian," aims to contextualize his significance between the late Warring States period and the early Han dynasty. Chapter Three, "Narratives of Lord Xinling in the Eyes of Sima Qian," diverges from previous scholarly perspectives, reexamining the viewpoints and narrative intentions of Sima Qian. Chapter Four, "Literati Evaluation of Hosting Guests by Lower-Ranked Officials," focuses on Lord Xinling’s practice of hosting guests. This chapter seeks to uncover the literary praise and criticism of Lord Xinling through poems and essays across dynasties and attempts to trace the ranking of the Four Lords of the Warring States in the eyes of literati, concluding with"Lord Xinling at the top, followed by Lord Pingyuan, with Lords Mengchang and Chunshen in the third and fourth positions." Chapter Five concludes by integrating the research findings of the entire thesis. Appendix I, "Compilation of Poems and Verses on Lord Xinling," categorizes poems from various dynasties: one from before the Tang, 12 from the Tang, five from the Song, three each from the Yuan and Jin, 34 from the Ming, and 122 from the Qing, totaling 182 pieces as a reference for scholars.