朝聖之路的存在主義維度——以沙特的哲學視角探討

Abstract

本研究透過存在主義的視角，以法國哲學家保羅·沙特的思想為核心，探討朝聖之路的哲學意涵。論文首先回顧沙特的存在主義，聚焦「存在先於本質」、「自由與責任」等概念，並分析朝聖者如何透過旅程進行自我探索與意義建構。研究採用質性文獻分析法，選取兩本書籍——謝哲青的《因為尋找，所以看見》和保羅·科賀的《朝聖》，以及電影《朝聖之路：聖雅各》（The Way），透過文本分析來詮釋朝聖之旅對個體生命的影響。論文指出，朝聖之路提供了一種象徵性的自由選擇，旅人面對未知與挑戰，在孤獨與交流中重新審視自己，體現存在主義所強調的自由與責任。此外，研究探討「希望」如何作為人生旅程中的驅動力，使個體在面對焦慮與困境時，仍能積極尋找意義與方向。最後，本研究結論認為，朝聖之路不僅是宗教旅程，更是一種深具存在主義意涵的生命體驗，能夠幫助人們實踐沙特所提倡的「自由即責任」，並在旅途中重新定義自身的存在價值。

This study explores the philosophical significance of the pilgrimage through the dimention of existentialism, with a particular focus on the ideas of French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre. The thesis begins with a review of Sartre’s existentialist thought, centering on concepts such as “existence precedes essence” and “freedom and responsibility,” and analyzes how pilgrims engage in self-exploration and meaning-making through their journey.A qualitative textual analysis method is employed, drawing on two books—The road to santiago by Chih-Cheng Hsieh and The Pilgrimage by Paulo Coelho—as well as the film The Way. Through the analysis of these texts, the study interprets the impact of the pilgrimage on individual lives.The thesis argues that the pilgrimage path offers a symbolic exercise of free choice. Pilgrims, when confronted with uncertainty and challenges, are given opportunities to reflect on themselves through solitude and interaction, embodying the existentialist themes of freedom and responsibility. Furthermore, the research investigates how “hope” functions as a driving force in life’s journey, enabling individuals to actively seek meaning and direction even in the face of anxiety and adversity.In conclusion, the study posits that the pilgrimage is not only a religious journey but also a life experience rich in existentialist meaning. It serves as a practical expression of Sartre’s notion that “freedom is responsibility,” and allows individuals to redefine the value of their existence along the way.