插畫中線畫風格之創作研究以國際海洋音樂祭海報設計為例

Abstract

根據【布里塔尼卡百科事典】（encyclopaedia brilannica）裡的說明，將「Drawing」一 辭詮釋為：「把物體、人物、風景或感情、創意以及構想等，主要以線條表現出來謂之。」由此看來，以線條把對象抽象化、簡約化，是Drawing最大的特徵。對Drawing的範疇與 目的，【布里塔尼卡百科事典】做了如此的規範：「Drawing大體來說，是為了準備大畫前 先畫的草稿，但有時是以它為最終目的而畫的線畫，這就叫做Drawing。」（註1）本論文中線畫的研究作品，便是以Drawing為主，把目前具有特色的議題或影像轉變為圖像的形式，再搭配不同明度與亮度的色塊、色彩再加上影像處理，形成具有立體與空間感的插畫；並利用插畫中的徒手線畫，表現出獨樹一格的插畫風格，配合海洋音樂祭視覺形像設計，藉著圖形的傳遞，嚐試創造出多元化、具有音樂強烈動感的的圖像與概念。創作形式以平面的手繪線條，配以色彩，以及電腦影像的後製來表達如漫畫般充滿想像的空間，以建構成具有時尚感、流行感、音樂感、律動感之風格特色的作品。

筆者的研究方法主要是採取文獻探討法，研究步驟便是從有關插畫文獻的研究開始，從而 了解插畫的定義、歷史和分類。從插畫的定義來說：插畫是為正文內容作補充說明，或純 粹是裝飾用的手繪圖畫或圖解；從歷史的角度來說：在東方和西方的插畫發展歷史裡，便 可以清楚的看到，雖然東方和西方的插畫歷史不盡相同，但都是從宣揚理念的作用發展出 來的，經歷各代的演變，慢慢進展為現今的插畫形式，也逐漸成為一門獨立的藝術。製作 方式從起初的手繪，到木刻、石刻等印刷流傳，及至今日的印刷技術，插畫便愈趨精美和 廣為流通；從插畫的分類來說：可從表現手法和表現材質來探討，表現手法包括，幽默、 諷刺、寫實、裝飾、幻想、象徵、誇張、及抽象等；表現材質有手繪插畫、印刷插畫、立體與半立體插畫、電腦繪圖插畫等。

其次，便是從此次研究的主題「線畫」中，對線條定義、分類及線條與色彩間的關係作研究。在這個部分，我們可以得知：線為點移動的軌跡，線主要可分為直線或曲線，而 不同的工具所繪出來的線條，也具有其個別的特徵；線條與色彩則可以互為主從，若在以線條為主的畫面中，色彩所扮演的角色，便是將立體的空間，轉換到平面的畫面中，而畫 面的前後關係，則可利用色彩的三屬性：色相、明度、彩度，來分出前後的空間感。

最後，要探索的是：插畫的裝飾風格部分。此次創作，希望達到的具有現代感、具有獨創性的風格，因此在研究的過程中會先參考新藝術風格。再探討近年來掘起的塗鴉藝術，由兩種不同風格的型態取得其中的菁華，在復古與創心中採取一個最佳的研究點，期許自己能以新藝術運動創作者為楷模，勇於創新、達到顛峰。

文獻探討之後，便利用從文獻中所得到的概念和知識，發展出手繪線畫為主的插畫形式，描繪的對象則是各種的具有特色的符號元素，例如「生命」、「音樂」、「符號」等具有強烈後現代個人主義風格之題材。企圖以此類符號發展出另類的視覺圖像。展現出不同於一般攝影圖片的介紹，融入筆者對人生、生命、藝術的思維。而藉由徒手線畫與電腦繪圖的相結合，融合傳統與科技，展現不同於純手繪或是純電腦繪圖的風格。According to the encyclopaedia brilannica, it explains the meaning of “Drawing”— “It shows object, people, scenery, emotion, creation and idea by lines”. Hence we know, the biggest character of drawing is to make objects become abstract and simple by lines. The encyclopaedia brilannica also defines the range and the purpose of drawing-- “Generally speaking, drawing is a rough draft to prepare for the main painting. Sometimes these rough drafts become our final work.” The research works of this thesis are based on drawing, which transforms special issues and images nowadays into concrete pictures with color blocks of different brightness. Then they will become three-dimensional illustrations. Also I use freehand illustrations combining with the decoration style of graffiti to present a unique style of illustration. By the transition of pictures, I combine with the visual designs of the Hohaiyan Rock Festival to try to create many- faceted pictures and conceptions of musical strong vibration. Thecreating form is based on freehand lines and added to colors and the post- production of digital images to show the imaginative space as the comic.

I adopt literature discussion as my main research method. The step of the research starts from illustration literature, and then we will know the definition, history, classification of illustration. When it comes to the definition of illustration-- Illustration is an additional explanation for contents, or it’s just a freehand picture for decoration. In respect of history, we can see that the history of illustration is different in east and in west. But they all developed from spreading ideas. Illustration goes through times to become the form today, and develops a unique kind of art step by step. The producing method is from freehand, woodcut, stonecut to the modern print technique today. Illustration is more exquisite and wide spreading. In speaking of the classification of illustration, it can be discussed by display methods and by display materials. Display methods include humor, satire, reality, decoration, imagination, symbol, exaggeration, abstract, etc. Display materials include freehand illustration, print illustration, solid and 3D illustration, computer illustration, etc.

Second, I will make a research from the definition and the classification of lines, and the relationship between lines and colors to discuss my subject which is freehand illustration in lines. In this part, we can know that a line is a route of a dot moving. The lines can be divided into the straight and the curve, and the different painting tools can draw different lines with special character. The lines and colors can interact with each other. For example, I use a line to be the main character of a picture, and the color is going to change the solid space into the plane of picture. Then the front-back relation of the picture can be present by the three attributes of color-- hue, value and chroma. At last, I will discuss the decorative style of illustration. I hope this work can show the modern and unique style. Therefore, I will refer to the Art Nouveau in the beginning, and then discuss the graffiti which has risen these years. I will grasp the essences of the two different styles, and get the best point between the old and the new in order to expect myself as the creators of the Art Nouveau, brave to innovate and to the peek.

After discussing the literature, I will use the knowledge and conceptions from the literature to develop an illustration form which is based on freehand lines. And the objects of describing are all kinds of special elements, such as “life”, “music”, “sign” and so on which are themes of strong post-modern personalism style. I attempt to develop unique visual pictures from these elements and present an introduction which is different from common photographs, mixed with my thoughts of life and art. And combined freehand with computer panting, mixed with tradition and technique, I will present a different style from only freehand or only computer panting.