男子舉重抓舉動作分析-全國紀錄保持人黃則維之個案研究

Abstract

目的：本研究旨在探討優秀選手抓舉三種不同重量，提鈴瞬間、發力瞬間、沉身瞬間之關節角度及槓鈴最大速度、軌跡參數之比較。方法：本研究以一部JVC攝影機（頻率60Hz）拍攝黃則維選手所實施抓舉動作的2D影像，進行影像數位化及運動學分析。結果：一、提鈴瞬間最小肩關節角度在90％重量40.88°，最小髖關節角度在85％重量92.86°，最小膝關節角度在90％重量141.15°；發力瞬間最小肩關節角度在85％重量21.83°，最大髖關節角度85％重量194.21°，最大膝關節角度在90％重量166.04°；沉身瞬間最大肩關節角度在85％重量177.56°，最小髖關節角度在90％重量97.88°，最小膝關節角度在90％重量80.85°。二、槓鈴最大垂直速度在80％重量呈現2.69(m/sec)，而85％重量最慢呈現2.43(m/sec)。三、槓鈴軌跡總偏移在80％重量呈現9.78公分，85％重量11.98公分，90％重量8.78公分。結論：一、膝關節角度在提鈴瞬間及沉身瞬間，隨著重量增加而變小，發力瞬間則變大；肩關節角度與髖關節角度隨著重量增加，在提鈴瞬間、發力瞬間、沉身瞬間都呈現不一致。二、槓鈴離地至沉身瞬間槓鈴最大垂直速度在三種不同重量，最大速度只有微小差距，在80％重量最大垂直速度呈現最快。三、槓鈴軌跡在90％重量槓鈴總偏移呈現最小。 Purpose: This study aimed to compare the joint angle, maximum speed of the barbells and the locus of parameters when extraordinary players snatch three different-weight barbells to do the first pull, the second pull, and the sinking phase. Methods: Use JVC camera (which has an frequency of 60Hz) to take 2D images of Tse-Wei Huang while snatching for kinematics analysis, and then digitize those graphics to acquire more information of the action. Result: I. In the first pull, the minimum angle of the shoulder angle is 40.88° at the weight of 90%; the minimum angle of the hip joint is 92.86° at the weight of 85%; and the minimum angle of the knee is 141.15° at the weight of 90%. In the second pull, the minimum angle of the shoulder is 21.83° at the weight of 85%; the maximum angle of the hip joint is 194.21° at the weight of 85%; and the maximum angle of the knee is 166.04° at the weight of 90%. At last, in the sinking phase, the maximum angle of the shoulder is 177.56° at the weight of 85%; the minimum angle of the hip joint is 97.88° at the weight of 90%; and the minimum angle of the knee is 80.85° at the weight of 90%. II. The maximum speed for barbell was 2.69 meters per second at the weight of 80%, and the minimum vertical speed was 2.43 meters per second at the weight of 85%. III. Total displacement for the locus of barbell was 9.78 center meters at the weight of 80%; 11.98 center meters at the weight of 85%; and 8.78 center meters at the weight of 90%. Conclusion: I. The angle of the knee was decreased while the weight of barbell increasing at the first pull and the sinking phase; the angle of the shoulder and the hip joint was increased inconsistently with the weight of barbell increasing at the first pull, the second pull and the sinking phase. II. The vertical speeds of the barbell only have a slight difference between the three weights, and the maximum vertical speed is at the weight of 80% while starting to snatch the barbell off the ground to the sinking phase. III. The trajectory of the barbell has the minimum displacement at the weight of 90%.