青少年健康行為潛在結構之探討

Abstract

健康行為在健康與疾病的連續面上扮演著非常重要的角色，是發展健康促進活動的主要依據。由於青少年的健康行為是中、老年人健康行為的基礎，所以研究青少年健康行為，不但可以瞭解青少年發生健康問題之所在，而且也可以診斷中、老年人實踐健康行為之障礙。 本研究以八十三年度臺灣地區公、私立國中一年級學生為研究母群，採兩個階段分層群集隨機抽樣法，獲得了有效樣本數2,516人，以「健康行為調查表」為研究工具蒐集國中生健康行為表現，再以試探性與驗證性因素分析來回答本研究所提出的四個問題。 本研究確認了目前我國青少年健康行為是由六個彼此互相關聯的行為成份所組成，即分別為「避免成癮行為」、「避免生理、心理與環境危險因子」、「健康習慣」、「交通安全習慣」、 「預防性健康照顧行為」，以及「避免疾病與傷害危險因子」。

Health behaviors play a very important role on the continuum of health- disease, and they are closely related with the development of health education programs and the promotion of health activities. Adolescents' health behaviors are the basis of the adult health behaviors, so by understanding adolescents' health behaviors, we can learn adolescents' health problems, as well as the obstacles to adult health behaviors. The 2,516 seventh-grade students were randomly sampled from 696 junior high schools in Taiwan through a two-stage stratified cluster random sampling with probabilities proportional to sizes (pps). The data were collected via the self- reported questionnaire of the students' health behaviors. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to answer four research questions. Among this study, adolescents' health behaviors are composed mainly of six mutually related factors, that is to say, avoidance of addictive behaviors, avoidance of physiological, psychological, and environmental risk, health practices, traffic safety practices, preventive health care, avoidance of disease and injury risk.