排球發球技術與發球效果之研究

Abstract

發球技術是排球比賽的開始，發球可以是先發制敵的進攻戰術，也可能會是讓發球方招架不住且難防接發球方攻勢的技術。雖有許多文獻指出，發球技術得分比例只占了排球技術總得分比例的3%至5%不等，但是難道因為發球技術得分比例最低，發球技術就不重要了嗎？本研究從三種面向探討不同發球技術之發球效果，研究對象為102年全國運動會男子室內排球賽前八名的所有對戰比賽內容，共蒐集20場比賽、75局、發球總數為3106次。資料蒐集整理後，經由描述性統計、卡方考驗與單因子變異數分析 (ANOVA) 對發球效果做關聯及差異性分析。得到結果顯示，發球技術中發球型態與破壞接發球方組織進攻有顯著的關聯性。單因子變異數分析上，發現發球型態與發球落點在得分效果上有顯著的差異。根據本研究結果顯示發球技術能夠破壞對方的接發球進攻組織，較有利於發球方攔網及防守後反攻，此外本研究亦發現我國選手在發球形態中的跳躍發球得分效果不佳且失誤率偏高，因此建議國內往後應加強選手發球技術訓練，特別是提升選手跳躍發球的穩定性及強度，進而更有效率的透過發球破壞對方之組織進攻。The technique of volleyball serving can be seen as the start of a match. With appropriate techniques, the service is not only a preemptive strategy of attacking but also a skill to put the opposite team in difficulty. Lots of studies have shown that scoring by service only takes up 3 ~ 5% among all the other volleyball techniques. But does it mean the technique of serving become less important just because it gets the lowest scoring proportion compared with other techniques? The purpose of this study was to discuss the different effects of using different service techniques. The data was collected from the top 8 teams of the 102 National Games Men’s Volleyball Tournament, including 20 matches, 75 sets, and 3106 services. The data through Descriptive Statistics, Chi-square Test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to test the relationships and differences between serving techniques and their effects. The study result showed that the service type has significant related to destroying the opposite team’s attack strategy. Moreover, this study also found that Taiwan players tend to have higher service error probability and gain few points with the jump serving. As the result it is suggested that Taiwan volleyball player should enforce the training on volleyball serve, especially the stability and strength, in order to defeat the opposite team more efficiently through volleyball serveing techniques.