護理專業學習社群之型塑歷程:以NPRSSB學習社群為例

Abstract

學習的翻轉是教師覺醒的實踐，臺灣護理專業教育正面對高齡化社會，護理人力荒與過勞等問題一一浮現，本研究旨在探討如何將原有「以教師回中心」的護理教學翻轉成為「以學習者為中心」，並重新檢視護理專業核心的價值與素養，期望落實真正「以病患為中心」的照護，以符合未來照護趨勢與需求。本研究旨在探究實踐護理人員專業學習社群的形塑歷程，以供發展模式理論依據；以及建構促進行為過程記錄的教學引導模式，提供成人教育界與護理教育界之參酌。

研究採用行動研究法，以NPRSSB（Nursing Process Recording Share-Start-Band）學習社群為研究對象，社群成員乃一所科技大學8位碩士在職專班的學生與畢業生所組成。研究者於八次的社群學習活動過程透過行動學習以及學思達變教學的應用，融合運用深度匯談設計與參與式觀察法收集資料，並進行文本分析。研究歷程所建構的知識包括：（1）設計者發展模式，（2）教學實踐反思與修正模式，（3）學思達教學法於NPR學習應用，（4）型塑NPRSSB社群的學思達變模式。本研究透過NPR與學思達變教學的行動學習循環型塑護理專業學習社群，成員們從建立社群共識到體認社群的重要性及其永續發展；成員們也於行動學習實踐中，從「以問題為導向」轉變為「以過程為導向」，促進護理教學者建構生手到專家的發展歷程圖像等；進而建構學思達變的護理教學行動循環模式，期望藉由本研究將翻轉教育融入護理教育。Flipped learning is the schoolteachers’ awakened praxis. Nursing Education in Taiwan is facing the problems of aging society, shortage of nurses, and overburden. The research focuses on probing the possibilities of innovative nursing education, such as integrating flipped learning into nursing education. That is to implement "patient-centered" caring. The researcher organized a professional learning community for a nursing college in a university through constructing a series of teaching guide for Nursing Process Recording (NPR). In this study, action learning was undertaken to foster the shaping and development of the learning community-NPRSSB (Nursing Process Recording Share-Start-Band). The community consisted of 8 nursing education professionals, including 2 lecturers (Master's Degree) and 6 postgraduates from a university. As a collaborative teacher and learning designer, the researcher modeled Share-Start-Band to design teaching guides for NPR, drew modeling charts and designed collective dialogue to facilitate their collective learning. Through the research, the researcher integrated persistent observations and collective dialogue design to the action learning process.

The research has constructed Share-Start-Band (SSB) knowledge system, including SSB design model, teaching and learning strategies of SSB, integration of SSB into NPR, all of which are implemented in the development of NPRSSB learning community. It is expected that nursing education would shift from "problem- orientation" to "process-orientation", and “nurse-centered” to “patient-centered” through the integration of flipped learning into nursing education.