從門派到學派：臺灣楊家老架太極拳的嬗變史

Abstract

楊家老架太極拳自清代楊露禪祖孫三代傳承以來，已自成一脈，成為太極拳重要流派之一。其拳法融合道家柔性哲理，體現「上善若水」的身體語言，適合各年齡層習練，深受社會各階層喜愛。本研究旨在運用史學方法，透過文獻分析與訪談佐證，探討楊家老架太極拳傳入臺灣後的歷史發展脈絡，特別聚焦其在臺灣師範大學體育學系的紮根、學術化與擴展過程。研究發現，自1962年由王子和引入臺灣師大後，該拳派堅守楊露禪學脈的傳統技藝，並融入現代教育理念，推動學術化、科學化與體證化的教學實踐，逐漸從傳統門派的傳授方式轉型為學院體系中的正規課程。在郭秉道、蕭保源、焦嘉誥、鄧時海等臺灣師大教授的共同努力下，透過體育課程將太極拳單元化、系統化與評量化，使之成為校內常設課程，進而由畢業生向外推廣，擴及社會各階層與國際舞臺。楊家老架太極拳自臺灣師大紮根後，發展出涵蓋臺灣、中國大陸、日本、法國、西班牙、波蘭、保加利亞、美國等地的國際性組織，展現強大的跨域傳播力與制度化發展潛力。其在體育、文化與教育層面的成就亦獲廣泛肯定，自1996年起，已有5位傳承者獲頒中華文化藝術薪傳武藝獎，足證其文化價值與歷史地位。本論文希望系統性整理楊家老架太極拳在臺灣的發展歷程，呈現其由傳統武術門派向現代學術體系的轉化軌跡，並進一步闡述其「體用合一」的文化內涵與當代表達價值。Yang Family Laojia Taijiquan has been passed down through three generations of the Yang lineage, originating from Yang Lu Chan’s ancestors during the Qing Dynasty. It developed a distinctive lineage and became one of the most influential schools of Taijiquan, integrating Taoist principles of flexibility and embodying the classical body language of “Gentle resilience.” Its accessible and adaptable nature has made it popular across all age groups and social classes. This study examines the historical evolution of Yang Family Laojia Taijiquan after its introduction to Taiwan, focusing on its roots, academicization, and expansion within the Department of Physical Education at National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU). Using a historical methodology, combining literature review and interviews, the research traces its development over time. Since its arrival at NTNU in 1962 by Mr. Wang Zihe, the curriculum has maintained traditional techniques while adopting modern educational concepts. This approach has promoted a scientific, empirical, and academically rigorous teaching style. Gradually, Yang Family Laojia Taijiquan transitioned from a traditional martial art to an institutionalized part of the university’s curriculum. Thanks to efforts by professors such as Guo Bingdao, Xiao Baoyuan, Jiao Jiaxie, and Deng Shihai, it systematized, formalized, and extended its influence beyond the university to broader social and international platforms. From its roots at NTNU, Yang Family Laojia Taijiquan has expanded into an international network with presence in Taiwan, Mainland China, Japan, France, Spain, Poland, Bulgaria, and the United States. This growth demonstrates its strong cross-border dissemination and potential for institutional development. Recognized for its contributions to sports, culture, and education, five inheritors have received the Chinese Culture and Arts Award for Martial Arts since 1996, underscoring its cultural and historical significance. This thesis aims to systematically document the development of Yang Family Laojia Taijiquan in Taiwan, highlighting its transformation from a traditional martial art into a modern academic discipline. It also seeks to explore its cultural essence of"unity of body and application" and its relevance and influence in today’s world.