家長教養信念及選擇幼兒園考量要素之探究

Abstract

本研究目的是在瞭解幼兒園家長養育幼兒的教養信念、選擇幼兒園之考量要素，以及養育幼兒的教養信念與選擇幼兒園之考量要素的關聯。本研究採取質性研究的取向，以半結構式訪談法蒐集研究資料，選取台中市私立愛心（化名）幼兒園小班、中班、大班三個年齡層各一位男孩及女孩的家長為受訪對象。研究結果如下：一、家長教養2-7歲年齡層的子女時，最重視培養孩子的「人格及品德」、「人際相處能力」、「自主學習的態度」、「自理能力」以及「自動自發的能力」。二、家長選擇幼兒園時，最重視的考量要素是「環境」、「師資」以及「師生比」

三、家長認為理想幼兒園應該具備的要素： （一）師資方面：家長最希望幼教老師具備耐心（二）課程方面：家長最希望孩子在幼兒園學習語文、運動和閱讀（三）環境與設施方面：家長最重視環境與設施的安全（四）幼兒園的立案類型方面：多數家長曾經考慮選擇公立幼兒園，但是多數家長不曾考慮選擇非營利幼兒園（五）學費方面：家長希望幼兒園註冊費加月費平均一個月13000元以內（六）交通位置方面：家長最遠可以接受從住家開車到幼兒園15至20分鐘以內的距離。（七）獲取幼兒園相關資訊的管道方面：家長最信賴實地參訪此資訊管道

四、家長教養信念與選擇幼兒園之考量要素的關聯： （一）重視孩子人際相處能力的家長，會希望幼教老師和孩子有良好的師生互動（二）重視培養孩子同理心的家長，會希望幼教老師用溝通及同理的方式教育孩子（三）重視培養孩子英文能力的家長，會希望幼兒園提供美語課程（四）重視培養孩子閱讀能力的家長，會希望幼兒園提供語文課程（五）重視培養孩子自主學習能力的家長，會重視幼教老師的引導能力（六）期望孩子活潑開朗的家長，會希望幼教老師採用開放式教學方法

依據研究結果，就幼兒園經營者、幼教老師、家長及未來研究提出相關建議。

The purpose of this study is to understand the parental beliefs of preschool parents, the factors to consider before choosing a preschool, and the relationship between the two. This study adopted a qualitative research approach, collected research data by interviews, and selected a boy’s and a girl’s parents from each of the three age groups (three, four, five) of the private Love Preschool in Taichung as the interviewees respectively. The research results are as follows:1.Parents mostly focus on cultivating children’s “Personality& Character”, “Interpersonal Skills”, “Self-learning Attitude”, “Self-care Ability” and “Self-initiated Ability” when raising their children at the age group of 2~7.

2.Parents mostly focus on the following consideration factors for selecting a preschool, and these factors are “Environment”, “Teachers’ Qualification”, and “Teacher-Student Ratio” arranged in priority order.

3.Parents believe that an ideal preschool should have the following elements: (1)Teachers Qualifications: Parents mostly hope that preschool teachers have patience. (2)Curriculum: Parents mostly want their children to learn languages, sports and reading at preschool. (3)Environment and Facilities: Parents mostly value the safety of environment and facilities of a preschool. (4)Type of Registration of Preschool: Most parents have considered choosing a public preschool, but most parents have never considered a non-profit preschool. (5)Tuition Fees: Parents hope that the registration fee plus the monthly fee will be less than 13000 dollars a month. (6)Traffic and Location: Parents’ farthest acceptable distance from home to school falls within a range from 15 to 20 minutes of drive. (7)Channels for Accessing Preschool Related Information: Parents trust field visits as the information channel the most.4.Relationship between parenting beliefs of preschool parents and consideration factors of selecting a preschool: (1)Parents pay much attention to their children’s interpersonal skills and hope preschool teachers can have good interactions with their children. (2)Parents pay much attention to the cultivation of children’s sympathy and hope that preschool teachers can educate their children with communications and sympathy. (3)Parents pay much attention to the cultivation of children’s Englishability and wish that the preschool can provide American English courses. (4)Parents pay much attention to the cultivation of children’s reading ability, and hope that the preschool can provide language courses. (5)Parents pay much attention to the cultivation of children’s autonomous learning ability and also pay attention to preschool teachers’ guiding ability. (6)Parents expect their children to have lively and cheerful personalities and wish that preschool teachers can use the open educational method for teaching.Based on the study results, relevant suggestions are put forward on preschool operators , preschool teachers, parents and future studies.