臺灣大專籃球運動聯賽的發展脈絡：從政策移轉觀點分析

Abstract

1987年臺灣嘗試引入美國國家大學體育協會 (NCAA) 的聯賽制度，然而實施後卻呈現與NCAA極大差異。為釐清造成差異之原因，本研究問題聚焦於一、大專籃球聯賽制度移轉之動因與推動者為何；二、大專籃球聯賽制度移轉之內容、來源與程度為何；三、大專籃球聯賽制度移轉之限制、路徑與不成功因素為何。另本研究採質性研究取徑並結合質性內容分析法與半結構式訪談以收集相關研究資料和關鍵人物的觀點後，再根據政策移轉框架進行資料整理及分析。訪談對象包含：前公務人員、半官方團體人員及專家學者等計11名。研究結果顯示，在教育部體育司主導下臺灣大專籃球聯賽制度呈現出「自願移轉」特質，且因具有明確與廣泛政策目標下形成一種「政策」。另在文化接受度及國際聲譽等考量下移轉來源屬「國家之間」，同時採取靈活彈性的「模仿」移轉策略。體育司透過政策文件與公開聲明等管道推動政策移轉，但因面臨媒體合作不足、贊助商支持有限、裁判素質參差不齊等多重限制使得該政策未能成功內化NCAA模式。最後，本研究認為，臺灣大專籃球聯賽的發展可視為一場政策移轉與文化調適的實驗。未來應加強跨國經驗借鑑的評估與本地化策略的設計，以更好地平衡國際借鑒與本土需求。同時，臺灣大專籃球聯賽的發展需進一步深化校園運動文化，優化制度規劃，以達成臺灣體育政策的永續發展目標。

In 1987, Taiwan attempted to introduce the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) league system from the United States. However, the outcome differed significantly from the original NCAA system. This study seeks to clarify the reasons for these discrepancies by addressing three questions: (1) What were the factors and key proponents behind the transition of the University Basketball Association system? (2) What were the content, sources, and extent of the transition? (3) What were the constraints, pathways, and factors of failure in the transition? The study employs a qualitative research approach, utilizing qualitative content analysis and semi-structured interviews to gather relevant data and perspectives from key individuals. The data is then organized and analyzed based on the policy transfer framework. Interviews were conducted with 11 participants, including former government officials, personnel from semi-private organizations, and scholars. The findings indicate that under the instruction of the Department of Sports Administration of the Ministry of Education, Taiwan's University Basketball Association system transition exhibited characteristics of a "voluntary transition." Additionally, due to its clearly defined and broad policy objectives, the transition was framed as a "policy" initiative. Considering factors such as cultural acceptance and international reputation, the source of transition can be classified as "interstate," while maintaining the strategy of a flexible and adaptive form of "imitation." The Department of Sports Administration promoted the policy transition through policy documents and public statements. However, multiple constraints-such as insufficient media collaboration, limited sponsorship support, and inconsistent officiating quality—hindered the successful internalization of the NCAA model. This study suggests that the development of Taiwan's University Basketball Association can be viewed as an experiment in policy transition and cultural adaptation. Future efforts should strengthen the assessment of international experiences and the design of localized strategies to better balance international experiences with local needs. Additionally, the development of Taiwan's University Basketball Association requires further deepening of the campus sports culture and optimizing institutional planning to achieve the sustainable developmentgoals of Taiwan's sports policies