以「貝」部字為例的漢字文化教材設計探討

Abstract

漢字文化結合了漢字的特性及其深厚的文化內涵。對華語學習者來說，了解漢字衍生的文化現象，有助於更深入地學習語言。然而，目前的漢字教學過於注重書寫和筆劃規則，忽略了漢字背後的文化意涵。這可能導致學習者對漢字的理解僅停留在表面，無法充分理解其文化價值和語言深層結構。若以漢字為中心，從文化角度探討其字源、發展歷程和社會背景，不僅能理解漢字本身，更有助於探索有效的漢字教學策略和學習方法。本研究以「貝」部字為例，通過文獻分析法、內容分析法以及問卷調查法，進行探討漢字的文化內涵，並提出一種基於漢字文化故事的教材設計方法。研究發現，「貝」部字多與金錢、財富、商業交易和價值等概念有關，其字義從具體事物演變為抽象概念，體現了漢字文化的豐富性。研究者分析《說文解字》和《國家教育研究院華語文語料庫與能力基準整合應用系統》的「漢字分級表」與「詞語分級表」等資料，對「貝」部字的文化意義進行了系統分類，並以此為基礎，設計了一套以「貝」部字為主題的漢字文化教材，內容涵蓋漢字意義的演變和相關的文化故事。本研究的結論指出，以「貝」部字為例的漢字文化教材能有效提升學習者對漢字的理解、記憶和學習動機。教材結合歷史文化故事、古今語義網絡、圖像記憶法與文化情境，加深學習者對字義與語境的理解。專家與華語學習者的回饋進一步顯示，教材在字義辨識、詞語語法運用和跨文化理解等方面表現良好，尤其在引導學習者掌握漢字文化象徵演變脈絡方面具有高度價值。研究也指出，漢字文化教材應結合漢字語義演變規律與文化內涵，以增強學習者的漢字記憶策略、語言理解能力和跨文化思考能力。教材設計透過部首系統教學、古今語義連結及漢字文化故事，不僅增進學習者對漢字文化的認識，也強化其在華語學習與跨文化交流中的應用能力，為後續學習奠定基礎。Chinese characters embody a unique cultural integration that combines their distinctive features with profound cultural connotations. For learners of Chinese, understanding the cultural phenomena derived from Chinese characters can facilitate deeper language acquisition. However, current Chinese character teaching tends to overemphasize writing and stroke order while neglecting the cultural meanings behind the characters. This may result in learners developing only a superficial understanding of Chinese characters, failing to fully grasp their cultural value and deeper linguistic structures. By centering on Chinese characters and exploring their etymology, historical development, and sociocultural context from a cultural perspective, not only comprehend the characters themselves but also develop more effective teaching strategies and learning methods.This study takes the radical"貝" as an example to examine the cultural connotations of Chinese characters. Using literature analysis, content analysis, and questionnaire survey methods, it proposes a teaching material design approach based on cultural narratives. The findings reveal that characters containing the "貝" radical are predominantly related to concepts such as money, wealth, commercial transactions, and value. Their meanings have evolved from concrete objects to abstract notions, reflecting the richness of Chinesecharacter culture. The researcher systematically categorizes"貝" radical characters by analyzing data from “Shuowen Jiezi” and the "Chinese Character levels list" and "Word levels list" from the Mandarin Chinese Corpus and Competence Benchmark Integration System by the National Academy for Educational Research. Based on this classification, a Chinese character culture-based teaching materials centered on the "貝" radical was designed, covering the evolution of character meanings and related cultural stories. This study concludes that the Chinese characterculture teaching materials using"貝"-radical characters as an example effectively enhance learners' comprehension, retention, and motivation in learning Chinese characters. By incorporating historical-cultural narratives, cross-temporal semantic networks, mnemonic imagery, and culturally contextualized examples, the materials deepen learners' understanding of character meanings and usage. Feedback from both experts and Chinese language learners confirms the materials' efficacy in character recognition, grammatical application,and cross-cultural understanding particularly in guiding learners to trace the cultural symbolic evolution of characters, which demonstrates high pedagogical value. The study further asserts that effective Chinese character pedagogy must integrate semantic evolution patterns with cultural connotations to strengthen learners' memorization strategies, linguistic comprehension, and cross-cultural thinking abilities. The instructional design rooted in radical-based systematic teaching, ancient-modern semantic connections, and cultural narratives not only enriches students' understanding of Chinese character culture but also enhances their practical application in language learning and intercultural communication, thereby laying a foundation for advanced study.