高中合球選手不同訓練後對投籃命中率之影響

Abstract

本研究目的是在探討我國之合球高中男生選手，在實施無氧訓練（1分鐘併腿側步跳）及有氧訓練（1600公尺跑）後，在疲勞狀態下雙手投籃的變化情況。本研究是以臺北市萬芳高中合球隊六位男生隊員為研究對象，平均年齡17.2±0.75歲、平均身高173.7±3.83公分、平均體重64.8±4.88公斤、平均球齡4.5±2.26年。以CASIO EX-ZR100數位攝影機拍攝受試者之矢狀面動作，拍攝頻率為240fps，並利用kwon 3D將資料以相依樣本t考驗進行分析。結果發現：一、在出手速度與出手高度方面，因為訓練後的疲勞因素影響，在出手速度上會變慢，而出手高度會變得較低。二、訓練後之身體上肢投籃動作與動作時間上，因疲勞因素影響，會使得投籃動作時間會延長。三、在投籃動作的關節最大角速度數值大小順序為：腕關節＞肘關節＞踝關節＞膝關節＞肩關節＞髖關節。此順序存在著動力鏈系統的概念，而在投籃動作中能有效的安排各身體肢段參與的時機與順序，有助於提升命中率。四、投籃的命中率會因為訓練疲勞的狀態，而有命中率下降的情況。結論：一、在肌肉尚未適應訓練疲勞時，命中率是無法回復正常水準值。二、在投籃動作上會因訓練而使得全身動作角度由小變大、速度變慢，尤其是身體的末端肢段。三、訓練後的投籃動作時間，比較一般水準時要再延長一點，但若適應疲勞後水準將有所提升。

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to examine the different effects between aerobic training and anaerobic training to shooting in high school korfball players. Method:Six high school korfball players(age=17.2±0.75yrs, height=173.7±3.83cm, weight=64.8±4.88kg, years of playing =4.5±2.26yrs) were recruited as the subjects of this study. CASIO EX-ZR100 digital camera was used to shoot the movement in sagittal plane(frequency is 240fps). Data were analyzed by using depend designed t-test. Results: 1) As the aspects of shooting speed and the shooting elevation, the former was slower than before; while the latter was lower than before due to the muscle fatigue after training. 2)The movement of half-length was also affected by the muscle fatigue after training. The shooting time increased. 3) The ranking of angular speed was: wrist＞elbow＞ankle＞knee＞shoulder＞hip. 4) The shooting percentage reduced because of the muscle fatigue after training. Conclusions:1)The shooting percentage could not reach the normal level when the muscle did not adapt the fatigue. 2) The angles of the whole body increased during shooting; while the speed of movement reduced at the same time.3) The shooting time after training increased than usual, but the situtation improved after the muscle apapted the fitigue.