地理研究
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Item 1999-2000年臺灣南部六龜森林集水區溪流水離子濃度與流量關係之研究(地理學系, 2002-11-??) 廖學誠; 金恆鑣; 黃正良; 劉瓊霦Item 6-9年級學生的世界地理知識(地理學系, 2007-05-??) 李明燕; 沈淑敏; 林聖欽「國家地理知識大競賽」是國內新興的另一種考試,其目的除培養國內學生世界地理知識的廣度,並甄拔參與國際競賽的選手,考試方式不再僅是靜態的紙筆測驗, 尚包涵動態的機智問答,賽事分為初賽、複賽、準決賽、總決賽四個階段,全程長達兩個月;測驗內容非常廣泛,舉凡地理相關的議題皆可入題,測驗範圍不限台 灣;且因競賽未依學齡分組,參賽者包括六年級至九年級的學生。本研究之目的主要是分析分析國家地理知識大競賽的試題特色,並探討了不同學習階段學生對世界 地理概念的學習成效。研究對象是2006 年11 月參與地理知識大競賽進入複賽的1081 位學生,準決賽的12 位學生與決賽的6 學生。測試結果發現隨著學齡增長,測驗成績有逐漸提高的趨勢;但各年級之間的最大差距,不是小學與國中之別,而是七年級與八年級學生,其因七年級的地理教 科書尚未跨出台灣,學生對世界其它區域的認識需自行閱讀課外讀物,即使是得獎者亦不例外;且學生對判斷方位、地圖的使用、簡圖的繪製等地理技能的應用能 力,普遍不足。Item A Field Trip to Taiwan in 1993(地理學系, 1993-09-??) 楊宗惠編譯; Rolshoven, MarianneItem A Study of the Plants from Sinkiang(地理學系, 1984-02-??) 丁驌Item A Study of the Secular Temperature Increase in Taiwan Compared with Global Warming(地理學系, 1999-11-??) 陳國彥; 徐勝一; 丘逸民; 胡金印本文藉台灣中央氣象局的五個氣象站的月均溫與年均溫資料,來分析台灣地區現代(1897-1997)氣溫變化趨勢,並與同期的世界氣溫變化趨勢進行比較。本文首先檢定各站氣象資料序列的一致性程度,然後以低通濾波、趨勢分析、頻譜分析、主成分分析等統計方法,來探討台灣地區的現代氣溫變化趨勢。分析結果顯示在現代(1897-1997),五個氣象站的所錄得的氣溫均有明顯的上昇趨勢,其中以夏季氣溫的上昇最為強烈。五個氣象站的氣溫資料在透過主成分分析後,可降維為一個由筆者命名為「全台灣氣溫序列」(all Taiwan temperature series )的主成分,此主成分所代表的台灣地區現代(1897-1997)的氣溫上昇趨勢是甚為明顯的,達1.14℃,較同時期全球氣溫的上昇值高出0.60℃,約為全球氣溫上昇值的兩倍。在台灣地區的現代氣溫上昇趨勢中,有些時期的氣溫變化週期與艾尼紐∕南方振盪及準二年振盪(QBO)具有遙相關。Item Airborne Suspended Particulate Pollution in Hong-Kong(地理學系, 1984-02-??) 丘逸民Item Changing Perspectives of Geographical Education in Singapore: Staying Responsive and Relevant(地理學系, 2013-11-??) Geok-Chin Ivy TanInvestment in education has always been a key national strategy to ensure Singapore's economic competitiveness and growth. Before the turn of the century, in 1997, a major educational reform with the official vision of Thinking Schools, Learning Nation (TSLN) was introduced by the then Prime Minister at the 7th International Conference on Thinking. The aims of Thinking Schools, Learning Nation were to develop critical and creative thinking, instil lifelong learning passion, and promote nationalistic commitment in the young. To support the TSLN vision several initiatives were implemented to promote thinking skills, National Education, and information technology in schools.Sequentially, to enable schools to implement these new initiatives another thrust called Teach Less, Learn More (TLLM) was introduced by the Ministry of Education. This paradoxical phrase is a call to teachers to be less dependent on the use of rote learning and to move away from teaching for tests and examinations. Instead, they are to engage their students with more studentcentered pedagogies to prepare them for the challenges of the 21st century. The focus of Teach Less, Learn More was on the transformation of teaching pedagogies in order to promote more active learning on the part of the learners. To support all these new thrusts and initiatives, the curriculum review committee boldly recommended a content reduction in all subjects thereby freeing up more curriculum time for more studentcentered pedagogies in the classrooms.Against this background, geographical education in Singapore has undergone critical transformations to be responsive and relevant to the needs of the changing educational scene inSingapore since the turn of the century. This paper will critically discuss the changes in terms of geographical content, pedagogy and assessments and also highlight the challenges in geographical education in Singapore as a result of these changes.Item Climatic Changes During the Past Two Thousand Years in China(地理學系, 1980-01-??) 賀忠儒Item Comparison of Principal Components Analysis and Minimum Noise Fraction Transformation for Reducing the Dimensionality of Hyperspectral Imagery(地理學系, 2000-11-??) 陳哲銘超光譜影像通常具有兩百個以上的連續波段,且各波段間存在高度相關,因此在影像分析前常需減少資料量以提昇運算效率,同時消除波段間的相關以減少分析誤差。本研究比較主成分分析與最小雜訊區段轉換這兩種轉換方法對減少超光譜影像資料維數的成效,結果證實最小雜訊區段轉換可正確根據影像品質的高低來排列主成分的次序,且有較高的訊號雜訊比,因此比主成分分析更適用於壓縮超光譜資料。Item Cultural Geography and Tourism Seen by Tourism Policy of Taiwan(地理學系, 2013-11-??) Kyu-Won KimToday, the concept of ‘Culture’ is everywhere. It is in field of economy, politics, industry and even in agriculture of which is originated in meaning. It became a kind of symbolic value to all field of profession as panacea of development. On the other side, the concept and practice of ‘Tourism’ is becoming one of the fastest growing industry and widely spread ‘way of life’ in the world. As for industry, the WTO esteem that the ‘Exports of tourism services generated $1,093 billion in 2010, or 30% of total world exports of services ($3,670 billion) (Vellas, 2011; 12)’. And together, ‘cultural tourism’ is perched as a new, fresh and powerful global trend, rather than Mass tourism which relied mostly on land planning and construction of infrastructure. The Cultural tourism is not only related to some cultural resources but also diverse environmental issues, ethnic policy, democracy and economic development. Otherwise, since the beginning of field of geography, each physical and humane geography has been deeply related each other especially in terms of ‘culture’ and ‘landscape’. In terms of Cultural Tourism, invention, management, and promotion of ‘culture’ and ‘landscape’ is a key factor of policy and marketing in these days. In that case, vice et versa, the ‘cultural tourism’ who deals physical, natural and cultural resources could be a new field where an academic ‘consilience’ along physical and human geography could be achieved, and also dimension of application of geography could be broaden. In this paper I would like to search new horizon of cultural tourism by observing Tourism Policy in Taiwan.Item Describing Urban Land Covers Using the V-I-S (Vegetation-Impervious Surface-Soil) Model(地理學系, 2009-05-??) 洪銘志都市地區的土地覆蓋物是多樣的,這使得都市地區在空間上及光譜上非常的異質化,也使得都市地區的環境模式化非常困難.借助於既有的V-I- S(Vegetation 植生, Impervious surface 不透水表面,Soil 土壤)模式及軟分類法,都市地區能夠被簡化成三種基本物質的組成,而這種簡化使得都市地區能夠被數值化描述及分析.在這篇文章裡,多種具有代表性的都市特 徵將逐一被檢視,這些都市特徵的V-I-S 組成會被數值化性得展示在不同的表格及圖形,這種數值化資料提供了不同土地覆蓋或土地利用比較的基礎.此外,多條空間剖面從市中心向外延伸到都市週遭地區 也顯示了V-I-S 組成因地而異,但也都遵循著一個共同趨勢:從市中心到郊區,不透水表面會遞減,而植生會遞增。Item Discrimination of Urban Surface Materials in Hyperspectral Data(地理學系, 2004-05-??) 陳哲銘; Hepner, George F.Item Electoral Systems and Ethnic Pluralism in Developing Countries: Introductory Case-Studies in Comparative Geography(地理學系, 1976-01-??) 桑立剛; Wolfgang SenftlebenItem Geocaching(地理學系, 2003-11-??) 陳哲銘Item Geomorphology of the Alluvial Cones near Huoyenshan, Central Taiwan(地理學系, 1990-03-??) 黃朝恩本論文的研究目的,乃以計量方法,針對台灣中部火炎山地區的沖積錐群,作詳細的地形計測、航照判釋,野外調查與粒度分析,實地探索此等地形有關形態特徵及沉積環境的許多問題。全文分為四個部分:首先介紹了沖積錐群及伴生的火炎山景觀之位置、範圍及外貌;接著闡明沖積錐的幾何形態及其營力制約;再其次著重討論構成該地形的沉積物及其各項結構參數,如粒徑、粒形和組構等,當中更採用卡方檢定和曼惠尼檢定等計量方法加以分析,以期將此一具有獨特性的沉積環境作深入及量化之掌握。最後,更把其他相類似的營力和沉積成果展現作一比較,藉以提供值得繼續研究的學術題材。Item Hupa(地理學系, 1992-03-??) 汪明輝Item Marginal Lands in Taipei Metropolitan Area(地理學系, 1993-06-??) 鄭勝華邊際區域,通常指地理位置偏僻、自然環境極端、人文活動艱難的地區。台北都會區在地理位置上偏侷台灣島北隅,自然環境上多風災、水災間有震災,平原既小,勉強可利用的陡坡易生坍方,剩下約65%山林地,南為泰雅族原住民的生活區,亦為都會區的水源地;北有陽明山國家公園生態保育地,這樣的自然環境有相當的邊際性。然而,就1990年統計資料,僅佔全區面積約6%的可建基地上,居住近六百萬人。其中,淨人口密度最高者永和市,每平方公里約97,174人;其次,萬華區有78,429人;而板橋市、中和鄉、三重市等淨人口密度亦達每平方公里六萬人以上。以這些市、鄉為核心的人口稠密區,正是水患最嚴重的地區,該地居民生命及財產安全,有賴二十年來的防災措施,譬如防水牆由5公里增建為24.58公里;土堤由25.77公里延長為72.07公里;抽水站由5座增為39座等。盆緣坡地的開發利用,在此情況下是必然趨勢,較平坦的緩坡,常建為社區;較狹窄的陡坡則闢為墓園等,故陡坡邊際地是陰、陽兩界競爭空間的地段。至於山區保留地,雖有保障原住民生活空間及都會區水源地等多重意義,但是這塊廣大的邊際地區,在人口壓力下,較低河谷開發為聚落、具山水勝景之處則開發為觀光遊憩地;至於,陽明山國家公園及其他生態保育地,雖以保育為主,但無可避免地,在展現其特色的季節裡,吸引大批都會區的人潮前往。台北都會區由原先邊際性極高的地區發展成為今日世界性大都會,其開發過程中引發的問題,不論是正面或負面的、實象或潛在的,都提供地理學者相當豐富的研究課題。Item On a Environmental Philosophy(地理學系, 2007-11-??) 榧根勇地球暖化顯示近代(modernity)非合理性的明確證據。近代將結束,近代哲學的支柱是笛卡兒(Rene’ Desccartes)的二元論,那是忽視人心對自然的效應,腦科學、認知科學、生命科學、火箭工學等,明示過去約十年的科學證實,笛卡兒的二元論有基不 合理處。後近代哲學是非二元論,為了近代新哲學的說明,列舉Ken Wilber的萬物理論,Erin Laszlo的AKasic(資訊)場,清水博的偏在性生命,中田力的腦理論等要點。基於新哲學提出新環境哲學。為了提安的新環境哲學應用的可能性採用 Wilber的四象限架構,對中國雲南省麗江古城的環境問題實施現地調查,最後對不發生環境問題的後近代「次社會system」的建構所必要的模式加以考 察。Item Pattern Analysis of Energy Consumption for the OECD and Some Other Countries(地理學系, 1988-03-??) 曾國雄; 蕭再安; 謝浩明本文以24個OECD間家及其他13個國家,收集有關能源之資料,分析其能源消費之類型,並以因子與群落分析為主要工具,探討該37個國家之能源消費類型。 本研究由因子分析擬抽四個主成份作為經濟發展,能源進口依賴度,工業化及能源生產之指標。同時計算37個國家其四個主成份之樣本得點,並以此結果討論世界各國之能源消費特性與其類型,最後將各國能源消費之類型經由群落分析的方式分成幾個國家類型,因以表現出各國家類型之特性。