卓溪與中正部落1967年布農族音樂的再研究
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2023
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本論文透過對於採集過程、部落遷移史、歌者生命史、音樂分類與分析的探討，勾勒出1967年這次民歌採集的樣貌。1960年代民歌採集運動發起人之一的史惟亮，1967年7月22日帶領東隊成員葉國淦、林信來三人，在當地居民協助下，至卓溪村的Panitaz卓溪部落與Sinkan中正部落進行採集，其成果有36首布農族歌謠。從日本學者馬淵東一與布農族學者海樹兒・犮剌拉菲的研究，可得知卓溪村的早期遷徙歷史。經本論文研究，卓溪村的形成可分為三個階段。此外，本論文建構了歷史錄音中的歌者生平背景，發現歌者間具有的氏族關係，除有姻親關係，還有家族間合作換工關係。再將錄音資料中的歌謠重新認定曲數後，以族內觀點，將錄音資料分類，並進行歌謠探討與分析。布農族歌謠劃分為兩個種類：不具專屬名稱以及具專屬名稱。從36首歷史錄音中，卓溪村布農族人稱前者為tusasaus，tusasaus亦指演唱行為；具專屬名稱的形式，這36首曲目則包含malastapang、pisidadaidaz、pistahu、pislahi、manvavai形式。且不管演唱具或不具專屬名稱的歌謠，族人都會認為是在「進行tusasaus」——唯有歌唱malastapang時，則不會被認定是「在tusasaus」。本錄音中依據族人觀點劃分，有tusasaus 24首、malastapang 3首、manvavai 3首、pisidadaidaz 2首、屬於pistahu或pislahi的祭歌1首。另外還有1首歌謠受到教會影響的歌謠，以及2首日語歌謠，足見布農族族群遷徙與歷史發展的痕跡。現今有關布農族音樂的研究，大多以西部為主，東部地區的成果較少，本研究對於東部布農族人的歌謠文化，提供了認知的可能性。
This thesis describes the collecting of folk songs that took place in 1967, including the collection process, the history of tribal migration, the life stories of folk singers, and the classification and analysis of their music.In 1967, Shih Wei-Liang, one of the initiators of the Collecting Folk Song Movement launched in mid-1960, led a team, including Ye Guo-Gan and Calaw Mayaw, to collect folk songs. On July 22nd, with the assistance of local residents, they visited the Panitaz and Sinkan Tribes in Zhuoxi Village. They collected a total of 36 Bunun tribal songs.The research of Japanese scholar Mabuchi Toichi and Bunun scholar Haisul Palalavi provide valuable insights into the early tribal migration history of Zhuoxi Village. Through the study presented in this thesis, the formation of Zhuoxi Village can be divided into three stages. This thesis also delves into the life backgrounds of the singers recorded in historical records, leading to the discovery of clan (Siduh) relationships among them. These relationships not only included marital ties but also involved cooperative labor exchange relations between families.After reidentifying the songs from the recorded materials, the songs are categorized and analyzed based on a Bunun Tribe insider perspective. Among the 36 historical recordings, the Bunun songs are classified into two categories: those without specific names (called"tusasaus") and those with specific names. "Tusasaus" also refers to the act of singing. The songs with specific names include malastapang, pisidadaidaz, pistahu, pislahi, and manvavai. Whether the songs have specific names or not, the tribe members consider them as part of the act of singing (tusasaus), except for the malastapang songs. Based on this insider perspective, the recordings are categorized into 24 tusasaus songs, 3 malastapang songs, 3 manvavai songs, 2 pisidadaidaz songs, 1 song belonging to either pistahu or pislahi, 1 song influenced by the church, and 2 songs in Japanese.Currently, most of the research on Bunun music focuses on the western region, with limited contributions relating to the eastern areas. This study aims to shed light on the song culture of the eastern Bunun people and hopes to increase awareness and understanding of their musical traditions among a broader audience.
This thesis describes the collecting of folk songs that took place in 1967, including the collection process, the history of tribal migration, the life stories of folk singers, and the classification and analysis of their music.In 1967, Shih Wei-Liang, one of the initiators of the Collecting Folk Song Movement launched in mid-1960, led a team, including Ye Guo-Gan and Calaw Mayaw, to collect folk songs. On July 22nd, with the assistance of local residents, they visited the Panitaz and Sinkan Tribes in Zhuoxi Village. They collected a total of 36 Bunun tribal songs.The research of Japanese scholar Mabuchi Toichi and Bunun scholar Haisul Palalavi provide valuable insights into the early tribal migration history of Zhuoxi Village. Through the study presented in this thesis, the formation of Zhuoxi Village can be divided into three stages. This thesis also delves into the life backgrounds of the singers recorded in historical records, leading to the discovery of clan (Siduh) relationships among them. These relationships not only included marital ties but also involved cooperative labor exchange relations between families.After reidentifying the songs from the recorded materials, the songs are categorized and analyzed based on a Bunun Tribe insider perspective. Among the 36 historical recordings, the Bunun songs are classified into two categories: those without specific names (called"tusasaus") and those with specific names. "Tusasaus" also refers to the act of singing. The songs with specific names include malastapang, pisidadaidaz, pistahu, pislahi, and manvavai. Whether the songs have specific names or not, the tribe members consider them as part of the act of singing (tusasaus), except for the malastapang songs. Based on this insider perspective, the recordings are categorized into 24 tusasaus songs, 3 malastapang songs, 3 manvavai songs, 2 pisidadaidaz songs, 1 song belonging to either pistahu or pislahi, 1 song influenced by the church, and 2 songs in Japanese.Currently, most of the research on Bunun music focuses on the western region, with limited contributions relating to the eastern areas. This study aims to shed light on the song culture of the eastern Bunun people and hopes to increase awareness and understanding of their musical traditions among a broader audience.
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民歌採集運動, 布農族音樂, 布農族遷徙, tusasaus, malastapang, Folk Song Collection Movement, Bunun music, Bunun migration, tusasaus, malastapang