異性戀大學生情侶伴侶完美主義、犧牲意願與行為、愛情關係適應之相關研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討異性戀大學生情侶的伴侶完美主義、犧牲意願與行為、愛情關係適應之間的相關性、預測力與調節效果，並將男性與女性大學生分開檢視，以了解性別差異。本研究採用問卷調查的方式，並以立意取樣與便利取樣的方式進行問卷施測，總共回收272份有效問卷，共計136對異性戀情侶。將所得的資料進行統計分析，分析方法為單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、階層回歸分析。本研究主要研究發現如下： 一、男性與女性大學生的「要求伴侶完美主義」、「被伴侶要求完美主義」皆與愛情關係適應的「滿意/成長」呈顯著負相關，與「衝突/矛盾」呈顯著正相關，與「自主」呈顯著負相關。 二、男性大學生「主動犧牲意願與行為」、「被動犧牲意願與行為」皆與愛情關係適應的「滿意/成長」呈顯著正相關，與「衝突/矛盾」呈顯著負相關。女性大學生的「主動犧牲意願與行為」與其愛情關係適應的「滿意/成長」呈顯著正相關；「被動犧牲意願與行為」與其愛情關係適應的「滿意/成長」呈顯著正相關，與「衝突/矛盾」呈顯著負相關，與「自主」呈顯著正相關。 三、女性大學生的「要求伴侶完美主義」與男性大學生愛情關係適應的「滿意/成長」呈顯著負相關，與「衝突/矛盾」呈顯著正相關。男性(或女性)大學生的「被伴侶要求完美主義」皆與女性(或男性)大學生愛情關係適應的「滿意/成長」呈顯著負相關，與「衝突/矛盾」呈顯著正相關，與「自主」呈顯著負相關。 四、男性或女性伴侶完美主義、犧牲意願與行為分別對其愛情關係適應之回歸分析結果： 對男性的「滿意/成長」而言，男性的「要求伴侶完美主義」、「被伴侶要求完美主義」具有負向預測力，「主動犧牲意願與行為」具有正向預測力。對女性的「滿意/成長」而言，女性的「被伴侶要求完美主義」具有負向預測力，「被動犧牲意願與行為」具有正向預測力。男性的「要求伴侶完美主義」、「被伴侶要求完美主義」皆能正向預測男性的「衝突/矛盾」，女性的結果亦相同。男性的「被伴侶要求完美主義」能負向預測「自主」，女性的結果亦相同。 五、男性與女性伴侶完美主義、犧牲意願與行為共同對男性或女性的愛情關係適應回歸分析結果： 對男性的「滿意/成長」而言，男性的「要求伴侶完美主義」與「被伴侶要求完美主義」具有負向預測力，「主動犧牲意願與行為」具有正向預測力。對女性的「滿意/成長」而言，男性與女性的「被伴侶要求完美主義」具有負向預測力、女性的「被動犧牲意願與行為」具有正向預測力。對男性的「衝突/矛盾」而言，男性的「要求伴侶完美主義」與「被伴侶要求完美主義」、女性的「被伴侶要求完美主義」具有正向預測力。但對女性的「衝突/矛盾」而言，只有女性的「被伴侶要求完美主義」具有正向預測力。男性與女性「被伴侶要求完美主義」分別對自己的「自主」具有負向預測力。 六、被動犧牲意願與行為對被伴侶要求完美主義與愛情關係適應的調節效果成立。其中，男性的「被動犧牲意願與行為」在其「被伴侶要求完美主義」與「衝突/矛盾」之間具有調節效果。女性的「被動犧牲意願與行為」在其「被伴侶要求完美主義」與「自主」之間具有調節效果。

最後，本研究並依據研究結果提出諮商輔導的實務及研究建議以供參考。

The main purpose of the present study was to explore the relationships among dyadic perfectionism, willingness and behavior of sacrifice, and love relationship adjustment of heterosexual college couples. A total of 272 completed self-reported questionnaires (136 college couples) were collected through purposive sampling and accidental sampling. Data was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance, Pearson product-term correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis. The major findings of the present study were as follows: 1. For both male and female, partner-oriented perfectionism and partner-prescribed perfectionism were negatively related to satisfaction/growth, positively related to conflict/paradox, and negatively related to autonomy. 2. Male’s willingness and behavior of active sacrifice and willingness and behavior of passive sacrifice” were positively related to satisfaction/growth, and negatively related to conflict/paradox. In addition, female students’ “willingness and behavior of active sacrifice and willingness and behavior of passive sacrifice were positively related to Satisfaction/Growth. Moreover, female students’ willingness and behavior of passive sacrifice” were negatively related to conflict/paradox and positively related to autonomy. 3. Female’s partner-oriented perfectionism were negatively related to male’s satisfaction/growth and positively related to male’s conflict/paradox. Moreover, both male’s and female’s partner-oriented perfectionism were negatively related to the opposite sex's satisfaction/growth, positively related to the opposite sex's conflict/paradox, negatively related to the opposite sex's autonomy. 4. Male’s partner-oriented perfectionism and partner-prescribed perfectionism negatively predicted their satisfaction/growth, and male’s willingness and behavior of active sacrifice” positively predicted their satisfaction/growth”. In addition, female’s partner-prescribed perfectionism negatively predicted their satisfaction/growth, and female’s willingness and behavior of passive sacrifice” positively predicted their satisfaction/growth”. For both male and female, partner-oriented perfectionism and partner-prescribed perfectionism positively predicted conflict/paradox. For both male and female, partner-prescribed perfectionism negatively predicted their autonomy. 5. Considering the effect from partner, male and female’s partner-prescribed perfectionism negatively predicted female’s satisfaction/growth. Male’s partner-oriented perfectionism, male and female’s partner-prescribed perfectionism positively predicted male’s conflict/paradox. 6. For both male and female, willingness and behavior of passive sacrifice had moderating effect between partner-prescribed perfectionism and satisfaction/growth. Male’s willingness and behavior of passive sacrifice had moderating effect between their partner-prescribed perfectionism and conflict/paradox. Female’s willingness and behavior of passive sacrifice had moderating effect between their partner-prescribed perfectionism and autonomy. Lastly, implications for counseling and future research were proposed based on the results.

Key words: dyadic perfectionism, willingness and behavior of sacrifice, and love relationship adjustment