臺灣閩南語非趨向性「來」、「去」之研究

Abstract

本文探討閩南語「來/去＋VP」格式中「來/去」非表趨向的用法，採用生成語法輕動詞的觀念來分析「來/去」的兩種虛化表現。「來/去」本指以說話者所處時空為基準的向心或離心位移，其指示特性和具有終點義素的兩項語義特質決定了「來/去 + VP」的語法化方向。「來/去」在此結構中的虛化進程可表示為： 「來/去」：指示性的趨向動詞 > 「來1/去1」：輕動詞，指定施事主語，表示座落 > 「來2/去2」：輕動詞，無指定論旨角色功能，表事態的發生，表示座落。 「來2/去2」具有表事態實現的語法意義，但不能跟情態助動詞、完成體標記、動相補語劃上等號。

This paper looks as uses in Taiwan Southern Min of the verbs lai/qu (來/去) as non-motion verbs in the structure lai/qu+ VP. We will adopt the concept of light verb of generative grammar to analyze two kinds of the semantic bleaching of lai/qu. The verbs lai/qu were originally used to indicate a directionality towards or away from the spatial location of the speaker. This deictic characteristic combined with the semantic feature of having a goal determined the nature of the grammaticaliza-tion of these verbs within the structure lai/qu+ VP. The process of that grammati-calization is as follows: lai/qu: deictic motion verb ─> lai1/qu1: light verb assigning an agent subject and indicating location ─> lai2/qu2: light verb that doesn’t assign the semantic role and indicating event occurrence and location. We will also discuss in the final stage, the usage of showing event occurrence does not have the functions of marking modality or aspect and should be differenti-ated from phase complement.