初顯成人生涯空檔年打工換宿回歸後的適應經驗研究

Abstract

本研究旨在探討初顯成人開始與結束空檔年之動機、回歸後的適應歷程與挑戰，以及空檔年經驗帶來的影響。本研究採敘事研究法，研究者閱讀過往文獻，根據研究目的設計訪談大綱，以立意取樣招募四位曾參與空檔年打工換宿且已回歸之初顯成人，以半結構方式進行訪談，並以「整體—內容」、「類別—內容」之研究方式進行資料分析。研究結果如下：（一）初顯成人決定前往打工換宿之原因包含：想放鬆休息、想脫離原有環境、想探索其他生活方式或興趣、疫情帶來的影響等四項因素；而初顯成人決定結束打工換宿之原因則包含：生涯抉擇中關係平衡、打工換宿的美好與侷限等兩項因素。（二）初顯成人空檔年實踐者回歸後的適應挑戰則有文化衝擊、在關係中重拾自我、從生涯迷茫到整合、從理想到現實。（三）空檔年經驗對初顯成人帶來的影響則分為增進對自我及生涯的了解、觀點轉換、拓展人際關係樣貌。（四）打工換宿經驗之看見與反思則分為生命低谷中溫暖的引路人、開放好奇地迎接每個機緣、互為主體的對話。根據研究結果，針對未來研究及實務工作者提出具體的建議。

This study aims to explore the motivations of emerging adults for initiating and concluding gap years, their post-gap-year adaptation processes and challenges, as well as the impacts of gap year experiences. Adopting a narrative research approach, the researcher reviewed relevant literature to design the interview outline. Four emerging adults with prior gap year work in exchange for accommodation experiences who had already returned to their regular lives were purposively sampled for semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was conducted through the holistic-content and categorical-content methods.The results of this study are as follows: (1) The motivations for emerging adults to participate in work in exchange for accommodation during their gap years included four factors: Seeking relaxation and rest, escaping their original environment, exploring alternative lifestyles or interests, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The reasons for concluding their gap years were categorized into two factors: Balancing relationships in career decision-making and the coexistence of the benefits and limitations of work in exchange for accommodation experiences. (2) The challenges of post-gap-year adaptation for emerging adults included four dimensions: Cultural shocks, reclaiming self-identity in relationships, integrating career confusion, and adjusting from ideals to reality. (3) The impacts of gap year experiences on emerging adults was categorized into three aspects: Enhanced understanding of self and career, perspective transformation, and broader relational dynamics. (4) The observations and reflections on the experience from work-for-accommodation experiences was categorized into three primary themes: A warm guidance in the trough of life, openness and curiosity in welcoming every opportunity, and mutual dialogues. Based on the results, this study provides specific suggestions for future research and psychoiogist, aiming to support emerging adults in their adaptation and growth following gap year experiences.