臺灣博物館教育工作者職能內涵分析與架構建立之研究

Abstract

隨著社會多元化與公共文化服務需求的提升，博物館教育逐漸成為博物館實踐的重要核心。本研究旨在探討臺灣博物館教育工作者的職能內涵，建構具備在地脈絡與國際視野的能力架構。透過文獻分析與深度訪談，本研究回顧國際重要博物館教育組織，包括 ICOM-CECA、AAM-EdCom、GEM、MA 等所提出的職能架構與核心能力，作為建構基礎，並結合臺灣博物館教育資深從業人員的經驗與觀點，進行職能描述的架構研究。研究共訪談十位具十年以上實務經驗之教育人員，歸納其對教育現場中所需知識、技能與態度的理解，並據此建構出 189 項能力敘述，進行Likert四點量表（0–3 分）之重要性評分與統計分析，進而提出涵蓋五大職能面向、21 項子分類及三層次的能力架構。本研究所建構之五大面向包含：人際關係與連結、博物館教育專業知識、技能與實踐、行為與表現態度，以及自我動機與反思，對應不同專業階段教育人員所需之核心職能，呈現出博物館教育實務的多元任務樣貌。研究結果不僅體現國際實證與在地經驗的整合，並於第六章提出對未來博物館職能評鑑、人力資源制度、主管機關政策規劃與後續研究方向的具體建議，包括建立階段性職能標準、結合評鑑與培訓制度、強化教育職系發展架構，並促進政策層對教育人力之專業認可與制度支持。同時亦呼籲後續研究應深化跨領域連結與館型差異之探討，持續推進博物館教育工作之專業化與制度化。此一架構有助於呈現博物館教育實務樣貌，並具備作為未來職能評鑑、人才培訓與制度設計基礎之應用潛力，對於臺灣博物館教育專業發展與職能制度化亦具參考價值。As museums respond to increasing cultural diversity and public service demands, museum education has emerged as a core component of museum practice. This study explores the professional competencies of museum educators in Taiwan and develops a competency framework grounded in both local context and international perspectives. Drawing on frameworks from ICOM-CECA, AAM-EdCom, GEM, and MA, and incorporating the insights of ten senior museum educators through in-depth interviews, the study identifies 189 competency statements. These statements were evaluated using a four-point Likert scale (0–3), and further categorized into five competency domains, 21 subcategories, and three progressive levels.The five domains—interpersonal relationships and engagement, professional knowledge of museum education, practical skills and implementation, behavior and performance attitudes, and self-motivation and reflection—reflect the diverse roles of museum educators across career stages. The framework integrates global research and local experience, and Chapter Six presents practical recommendations for competency assessment, HR systems, policy development, and future research. These include establishing tiered standards, linking evaluation with training, supporting career development, and enhancing institutional recognition. The framework serves as a foundation for advancing the professionalization and systematization of museum education in Taiwan.