台北市國中生生涯決策型態、生涯決策自我效能與生涯決定困難之相關研究

Abstract

本研究目的旨在探討不同背景變項之國中生在生涯決策型態、生涯決策自我效能與生涯決定困難間之差異與相關情形。研究過程採用立意取樣方式，共抽取台北市10所國中，七、八、九年級男女學生，有效樣本共719人。本研究以問卷調查法進行資料蒐集，研究工具包括「生涯決策型態量表」、「生涯決策自我效能量表」、「生涯決定困難量表」。所得資料以描述統計、單因子多變量變異數分析、典型相關分析、多元逐步迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析處理，研究結果如下：

一、國中生整體生涯決策型態，在性別、年級、決定狀態、畢業生涯決定、母親教育程度等背景變項有統計上的顯著差異，但不因父親教育程度、家庭社經地位等變項不同而有顯著差異。 二、國中生整體生涯決策自我效能，在性別、決定狀態、畢業生涯決定、父親教育程度、母親教育程度、家庭社經地位等背景變項有統計上的顯著差異，但不因年級變項不同而有顯著差異。 三、國中生整體生涯決定困難，在性別、年級、決定狀態、畢業生涯決定、父親教育程度等背景變項有統計上的顯著差異，但不因母親教育程度、家庭社經地位等變項不同而有顯著差異。 四、國中生生涯決策型態與生涯決策自我效能有兩組典型相關存在，且達統計上之顯著意義。 五、國中生生涯決策自我效能與生涯決定困難有三組典型相關存在，且達統計上之顯著意義。 六、國中生生涯決策型態與生涯決定困難有四組典型相關存在，且達統計上之顯著意義。 七、生涯決策型態與生涯決策自我效能對整體生涯決定困難有顯著預測力，其中以正確的自我評估對整體生涯決定困難之預測力最高。 最後，研究者依據本研究結果加以討論，並提出具體建議以做為國中生生涯輔導工作及未來研究之參考。

The purpose of the study was to explore the differences and relations among career decision-making styles, career decision-making self-efficacy and career decision-making difficulties of junior high school students in terms of their different backgrounds. We also examined the predictability of career decision-making styles and career decision-making self-efficacy to career decision-making difficulties for junior high school students. The sample consisted of 719 students ( 353 males and 366 females ) from ten junior high schools in Taipei with purposive sampling. The study gathered information through questionnaire surveys. The instruments applied were Career Decision-making Styles Scale, Career Decision-making Self-efficacy Scale and Career Decision-making Difficulties Scale. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, one-way MANOVA, canonical correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows: 1.The career decision-making styles of junior school students varied significantly in terms of gender, grade, state of decision-making,graduateion career decision, mother’s educational level, but not the father’s educational level, social-economic status. 2.The career decision-making self-efficacy of junior school students varied significantly in terms of gender, state of decision-making, graduateion career decision, father’s educational level, mother’s educational level, social-economic status, but not the grade. 3.The career decision-making difficulties of junior school students varied significantly in terms of gender, grade, state of decision-making, graduateion career decision, father’s educational level, but not the mother’s educational level, social-economic status. 4.There were two significant canonical correlation between career decision-making styles and career decision-making self-efficacy. 5.There were three significant canonical correlation between career decision-making styles and career decision-making difficulties. 6.There were four significant canonical correlation between career decision-making self-efficacy and career decision-making difficulties. 7.The predictabilities of career decision-making styles and career decision-making self-efficacy on career decision-making difficulties were significant. Among which the accurate self-appraisal is the most predictable. Based on the results, suggestions for career guidance and future researches were discussed and proposed.